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- Title
High-fluence and high-gain multilayer focusing optics to enhance spatial resolution in femtosecond X-ray laser imaging.
- Authors
Yumoto, Hirokatsu; Koyama, Takahisa; Suzuki, Akihiro; Joti, Yasumasa; Niida, Yoshiya; Tono, Kensuke; Bessho, Yoshitaka; Yabashi, Makina; Nishino, Yoshinori; Ohashi, Haruhiko
- Abstract
With the emergence of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) has acquired a capability for single-particle imaging (SPI) of non-crystalline objects under non-cryogenic conditions. However, the single-shot spatial resolution is limited to ~5 nanometres primarily because of insufficient fluence. Here, we present a CDI technique whereby high resolution is achieved with very-high-fluence X-ray focusing using multilayer mirrors with nanometre precision. The optics can focus 4-keV XFEL down to 60 nm × 110 nm and realize a fluence of >3 × 105 J cm−2 pulse−1 or >4 × 1012 photons μm−2 pulse−1 with a tenfold increase in the total gain compared to conventional optics due to the high demagnification. Further, the imaging of fixed-target metallic nanoparticles in solution attained an unprecedented 2-nm resolution in single-XFEL-pulse exposure. These findings can further expand the capabilities of SPI to explore the relationships between dynamic structures and functions of native biomolecular complexes. Here, the authors realize an ultra-high fluence X-ray laser by high-gain multilayer focusing optics. This enables in-solution imaging with 2-nm resolution in a single-pulse exposure, making strides toward biomolecular imaging under physiological conditions.
- Subjects
FOCUS (Optics); X-ray imaging; FEMTOSECOND lasers; SPATIAL resolution; X-ray lasers; OPTICS; RUTHERFORD backscattering spectrometry
- Publication
Nature Communications, 2022, Vol 13, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2041-1723
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41467-022-33014-4