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- Title
Active commuting in Swedish workers between 1998 and 2015—Trends, characteristics, and cardiovascular disease risk.
- Authors
Eriksson, Jane Salier; Ekblom, Björn; Kallings, Lena V.; Hemmingsson, Erik; Andersson, Gunnar; Wallin, Peter; Ekblom, Örjan; Ekblom‐Bak, Elin
- Abstract
Background: Trend analyses of active commuting and potential variations in trends and association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk within subgroups are unknown. Objectives: To (a) describe trends in active commuting between 1998 and 2015 and (b) to study the association between different amounts of active commuting and the incidence risk of CVD in a large sample of Swedish workers, and analyses of potential variations across subgroups of socio‐demographics, physical activity, and BMI. Methods: A total of 318 309 participants (47% women, 18‐74 years) who participated in a nationwide occupational health service screening between 1998 and 2015 were included. Commuting habits were self‐reported, and data on first‐time CVD events were derived from national registers. Results: Self‐reported passive commuters decreased between 1998 and 2015 (64% to 56%), transferring to an increase in mainly moderate/high‐dose active commuters (12% to 19%). Changes were seen in all subgroups. The characteristics and lifestyle habits of the typical passive and active commuter changed little over the study period. Low‐ and moderate/high‐dose active commuters had significantly decreased risks for a first time CVD during follow‐up. This was accentuated in men, middle‐aged, and in participants with light physical work situations, irregular exercise habits, being overweight/obese, and with low fitness. Conclusion: Increases in active commuting were observed between 1998 and 2015, however still leaving a majority who do not actively commute. As active commuting, regardless dose, is associated with a lower CVD risk, encouraging more people to actively commute may provide an easily accessible and time‐efficient possibility to increase physical activity and health in the general population.
- Subjects
SWEDEN; AGE distribution; CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors; CYCLING; INDUSTRIAL hygiene; MEDICAL screening; OBESITY; OCCUPATIONAL health services; RISK assessment; SELF-evaluation; SEX distribution; TRANSPORTATION; WALKING; SOCIOECONOMIC factors; BODY mass index; DISEASE incidence; SEDENTARY lifestyles; PHYSICAL activity; CARDIOPULMONARY fitness
- Publication
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2020, Vol 30, Issue 2, p370
- ISSN
0905-7188
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/sms.13581