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- Title
Inactivation of viruses in platelet concentrates by photochemical treatment with amotosalen and long-wavelength ultraviolet light.
- Authors
Lin, Lily; Hanson, Carl V.; Alter, Harvey J.; Jauvin, Valérie; Bernard, Kristen A.; Murthy, Krishna K.; Metzel, Peyton; Corash, Laurence; Jauvin, Valérie
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Viral contamination of platelet (PLT) concentrates can result in transfusion-transmitted diseases. A photochemical treatment (PCT) process with amotosalen-HCl and long-wavelength ultraviolet light (UVA), which cross-links nucleic acids, was developed to inactivate viruses and other pathogens in PLT concentrates.<bold>Study Design and Methods: </bold>High titers of pathogenic or blood-borne viruses, representing 10 different families, were added to single-donor PLT concentrates containing 3.0 x 10(11) to 6.0 x 10(11) PLTs in approximately 300 mL of 35 percent plasma and 65 percent PLT additive solution (InterSol). After PCT with 150 micromol per L amotosalen and 3 J per cm(2) UVA, residual viral infectivity was assayed by sensitive cell culture or animal systems.<bold>Results: </bold>Enveloped viruses were uniformly sensitive to inactivation by PCT whereas nonenveloped viruses demonstrated variable inactivation. Log reduction of enveloped viruses for cell-free HIV-1 was >6.2; for cell-associated HIV-1, >6.1; for clinical isolate HIV-1, >3.4; for clinical isolate HIV-2, >2.5; for HBV, >5.5; for HCV, >4.5; for DHBV, >6.2; for BVDV, >6.0; for HTLV-I, 4.2; for HTLV-II, 4.6; for CMV, >5.9; for WNV, >5.5; for SARS-HCoV, >5.8; and for vaccinia virus, >4.7. Log reduction of nonenveloped viruses for human adenovirus 5 was >5.2; for parvovirus B19, 3.5->5.0; for bluetongue virus, 5.6-5.9; for feline conjunctivitis virus, 1.7-2.4; and for simian adenovirus 15, 0.7-2.3.<bold>Conclusion: </bold>PCT inactivates a broad spectrum of pathogenic, blood-borne viruses. Inactivation of viruses in PLT concentrates with amotosalen and UVA offers the potential to prospectively prevent the majority of PLT transfusion-associated viral diseases.
- Subjects
BLOODBORNE infections; BLOOD transfusion; BLOOD platelets; VIRAL contamination; INFECTIOUS disease transmission; ULTRAVIOLET radiation; CELL culture
- Publication
Transfusion, 2005, Vol 45, Issue 4, p580
- ISSN
0041-1132
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1111/j.0041-1132.2005.04316.x