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- Title
COVID-19 Severity and Survival over Time in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies: A Population-Based Registry Study.
- Authors
Martínez-López, Joaquín; De la Cruz, Javier; Gil-Manso, Rodrigo; Alegre, Adrián; Ortiz, Javier; Llamas, Pilar; Martínez, Yolanda; Hernández-Rivas, José-Ángel; González-Gascón, Isabel; Benavente, Celina; Estival Monteliu, Pablo; Jiménez-Yuste, Víctor; Canales, Miguel; Bastos, Mariana; Kwon, Mi; Valenciano, Susana; Callejas-Charavia, Marta; López-Jiménez, Javier; Herrera, Pilar; Duarte, Rafael
- Abstract
Simple Summary: There are contradictory data about coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in patients with hematological malignancies. In this population-based study we evaluated severity and survival of unvaccinated patients with hematological malignancies (HM) and COVID-19 in the Madrid region, Spain, between early February 2020 and February 2021. Also, a comparison was made with non-cancer patients from the SEMI-COVID registry and post COVID-19 conditions were evaluated. Overall, 30-day mortality was 32.7%, with higher mortality among certain groups of patients (aged ≥ 60 years, presence of ≥ 3 comorbidities, diagnosis of AML/ALL, treatment with conventional chemotherapy within 30 days of COVID-19 diagnosis, recipients of systemic corticosteroids as COVID-19 therapy). Mortality rates were similar between earlier and later phases of the pandemic, not paralleling the reduction of mortality in non-cancer patients. Up to 27.3% patients had a post COVID-19 condition. These findings will be useful to understand COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in unvaccinated patients diagnosed with HM. Mortality rates for COVID-19 have declined over time in the general population, but data in patients with hematologic malignancies are contradictory. We identified independent prognostic factors for COVID-19 severity and survival in unvaccinated patients with hematologic malignancies, compared mortality rates over time and versus non-cancer inpatients, and investigated post COVID-19 condition. Data were analyzed from 1166 consecutive, eligible patients with hematologic malignancies from the population-based HEMATO-MADRID registry, Spain, with COVID-19 prior to vaccination roll-out, stratified into early (February–June 2020; n = 769 (66%)) and later (July 2020–February 2021; n = 397 (34%)) cohorts. Propensity-score matched non-cancer patients were identified from the SEMI-COVID registry. A lower proportion of patients were hospitalized in the later waves (54.2%) compared to the earlier (88.6%), OR 0.15, 95%CI 0.11–0.20. The proportion of hospitalized patients admitted to the ICU was higher in the later cohort (103/215, 47.9%) compared with the early cohort (170/681, 25.0%, 2.77; 2.01–3.82). The reduced 30-day mortality between early and later cohorts of non-cancer inpatients (29.6% vs. 12.6%, OR 0.34; 0.22–0.53) was not paralleled in inpatients with hematologic malignancies (32.3% vs. 34.8%, OR 1.12; 0.81–1.5). Among evaluable patients, 27.3% had post COVID-19 condition. These findings will help inform evidence-based preventive and therapeutic strategies for patients with hematologic malignancies and COVID-19 diagnosis.
- Subjects
SPAIN; PUBLIC health surveillance; INTENSIVE care units; COVID-19; IMMUNIZATION; ADRENOCORTICAL hormones; CONFIDENCE intervals; POST-acute COVID-19 syndrome; TIME; ACQUISITION of data; DISEASES; SEVERITY of illness index; CANCER patients; COMPARATIVE studies; HEMATOLOGIC malignancies; SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry); EPIDEMICS; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; RESEARCH funding; ODDS ratio; OVERALL survival; LONGITUDINAL method; DISEASE complications
- Publication
Cancers, 2023, Vol 15, Issue 5, p1497
- ISSN
2072-6694
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/cancers15051497