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- Title
Highly restricted SARS‐CoV‐2 receptor expression and resistance to infection by primary human monocytes and monocyte‐derived macrophages.
- Authors
Zankharia, Urvi; Yadav, Anjana; Yi, Yanjie; Hahn, Beatrice H.; Collman, Ronald G.
- Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV2), which causes the disease COVID‐19, has caused an unprecedented global pandemic. Angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the major cellular receptor for SARS‐CoV2 entry, which is facilitated by viral Spike priming by cellular TMPRSS2. Macrophages play an important role in innate viral defense and are also involved in aberrant immune activation that occurs in COVID‐19, and thus direct macrophage infection might contribute to severity of SARS‐CoV2 infection. Here, we demonstrate that monocytes and monocyte‐derived macrophages (MDM) under in vitro conditions express low‐to‐undetectable levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and minimal coexpression. Expression of these receptors remained low in MDM induced to different subtypes such as unpolarized, M1 and M2 polarized. Untreated, unpolarized, M1 polarized, and M2 polarized MDM were all resistant to infection with SARS‐CoV2 pseudotyped virions. These findings suggest that direct infection of myeloid cells is unlikely to be a major mechanism of SARS‐CoV2 pathogenesis. Summary sentence: Monocytes and macrophages express minimal ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and resist SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike‐mediated infection, suggesting direct myeloid cell infection is unlikely a major contributor to pathogenesis.
- Subjects
CORONAVIRUS diseases; INFECTION; MACROPHAGES; COVID-19; MONOCYTES; MYELOID cells
- Publication
Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 2022, Vol 112, Issue 3, p569
- ISSN
0741-5400
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/JLB.4COVA1121-579RR