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- Title
Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux and intrarenal reflux: a comparison of diagnostic performance with fluoroscopic voiding cystourethrography.
- Authors
Daehee Kim; Young Hun Choi; Gayoung Choi; Seulbi Lee; Seunghyun Lee; Yeon Jin Cho; Seon Hee Lim; Hee Gyung Kang; Jung-Eun Cheon
- Abstract
Purpose: This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography (ce-VUS) using a second-generation ultrasound contrast agent for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and intrarenal reflux (IRR), and compared it with that of standard fluoroscopic voiding cystourethrography (VCUG). Methods: Thirty-two consecutive children from April to October 2019 were included in this study. ce-VUS and VCUG were performed simultaneously by two operators with intravesical infusion of a mixture of ultrasound contrast medium, iodinated contrast medium and water. Two pediatric radiologists independently reviewed the ce-VUS and VCUG images and reported the presence and degree of VUR (grades I-V), and the presence and type of IRR. Results: Twenty-seven of 63 urinary systems showed VUR. Interobserver agreement for VUR grading was very good for both examinations (κ =0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82 to 0.92 for ce-VUS and κ =0.92; 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.96 for VCUG). The detection rate of VUR showed no significant difference between the two examinations (P=0.370). Four cases of VUR were missed on ce-VUS, while one case of VUR was missed on VCUG. All four false-negative cases on ce-VUS were grade 1 VUR. The two examinations showed very good agreement regarding VUR grading (κ =0.89; 95% CI, 0.81 to 0.96). IRR was more frequently detected with ce-VUS than with VCUG (10 cases with ce-VUS vs. 3 cases with VCUG, P=0.016). Conclusion: ce-VUS showed very good agreement with VCUG for detecting grade 2 VUR and above, while grade 1 VUR was sometimes missed with ce-VUS. IRR was more frequently detected with ce-VUS than with VCUG.
- Subjects
CONTRAST-enhanced ultrasound; VESICO-ureteral reflux; ULTRASOUND contrast media; DIAGNOSIS; CONTRAST media
- Publication
Ultrasonography, 2021, Vol 40, Issue 4, p530
- ISSN
2288-5919
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.14366/usg.20157