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- Title
Brain response to traumatic brain injury in wild-type and interleukin-6 knockout mice: a microarray analysis.
- Authors
Poulsen, Christian Bjørn; Penkowa, Milena; Borup, Rehannah; Nielsen, Finn Cilius; Cáceres, Mario; Quintana, Albert; Molinero, Amalia; Carrasco, Javier; Giralt, Mercedes; Hidalgo, Juan
- Abstract
Traumatic injury to the brain is one of the leading causes of injury-related death or disability. Brain response to injury is orchestrated by cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6, but the full repertoire of responses involved is not well known. We here report the results obtained with microarrays in wild-type and IL-6 knockout mice subjected to a cryolesion of the somatosensorial cortex and killed at 0, 1, 4, 8 and 16 days post-lesion. Overall gene expression was analyzed by using Affymetrix genechips/oligonucleotide arrays with∼12 400 probe sets corresponding to∼10 000 different murine genes (MG_U74Av2). A robust, conventional statistical method (two-wayanova) was employed to select the genes significantly affected. An orderly pattern of gene responses was clearly detected, with genes being up- or down-regulated at specific timings consistent with the processes involved in the initial tissue injury and later regeneration of the parenchyma. IL-6 deficiency showed a dramatic effect in the expression of many genes, especially in the 1 day post-lesion timing, which presumably underlies the poor capacity of IL-6 knockout mice to cope with brain damage. The results highlight the importance of IL-6 controlling the response of the brain to injury as well as the suitability of microarrays for identifying specific targets worthy of further study.
- Subjects
BRAIN injuries; BRAIN damage; INTERLEUKIN-6; CYTOKINES; IMMUNOREGULATION; CELLULAR immunity; GENE expression
- Publication
Journal of Neurochemistry, 2005, Vol 92, Issue 2, p417
- ISSN
0022-3042
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02877.x