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- Title
Improve fatigue and mechanical properties of high carbon bearing steel by a new double vacuum melting route.
- Authors
Shi, Zhiyue; Wang, Hui; Gao, Yuanhang; Wang, Yutong; Yu, Feng; Xu, Haifeng; Zhang, Xiaodan; Shang, Chengjia; Cao, Wenquan
- Abstract
A new double vacuum melting route (conventional second refining + vacuum arc refining [CSR + VAR]) with 33% lower production cost than the traditional VIM + VAR route has been tried. Compared with the CSR route, the CSR + VAR route reduces the average inclusion size from 27.1 ± 12.3 μm to 13.7 ± 2.4 μm, and the CSR + VAR steel processes a 13.1% higher rotatory bending fatigue (RBF) fatigue strength (σ−1) and a 3‐timeslonger RCF L10 life. The crescent‐shaped granular bright facet (GBF) zone, normally found in high‐strength steels' very high cycle fatigue regimes beyond 107 cycles normally under a much lower stress amplitude, appears around inner inclusions on the CSR + VAR steel RBF fracture surfaces in high cycle fatigue regimes beyond 3 × 105 cycles. The development of GBF zones is estimated to account for 79%–90% of the RBF fatigue life. The average crack propagation rate (da/dN) for GBF zones varies from 1.3 × 10−12 m/cycle to 24 × 10−12 m/cycle and increases with the stress amplitude. Highlights: The new CSR + VAR route is an effective and feasible method to improve cleanliness.The new CSR + VAR route provides a cost 33% lower than the traditional VIM + VAR route.The new CSR + VAR route improves RBF strength by 13.1% and RCF L10 life by 3times.Crescent‐shaped GBF zones are first observed in high cycle fatigue regimes.
- Subjects
HIGH cycle fatigue; BEARING steel; CARBON steel; FATIGUE limit; VACUUM arcs; STEEL fracture
- Publication
Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 2022, Vol 45, Issue 7, p1995
- ISSN
8756-758X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/ffe.13716