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- Title
A three-dimensional printing navigational template combined with mixed reality technique for localizing pulmonary nodules.
- Authors
Fu, Rui; Zhang, Chao; Zhang, Tao; Chu, Xiang-Peng; Tang, Wen-Fang; Yang, Xue-Ning; Huang, Mei-Ping; Zhuang, Jian; Wu, Yi-Long; Zhong, Wen-Zhao
- Abstract
OBJECTIVES Localizing non-palpable pulmonary nodules is challenging for thoracic surgeons. Here, we investigated the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology combined with mixed reality (MR) for localizing ground glass opacity-dominant pulmonary nodules. Open in new tab Download slide Open in new tab Download slide METHODS In this single-arm study, we prospectively enrolled patients with small pulmonary nodules (<2 cm) that required accurate localization. A 3D-printing physical navigational template was designed based on the reconstruction of computed tomography images, and a 3D model was generated through the MR glasses. We set the deviation distance as the primary end point for efficacy evaluation. Clinicopathological and surgical data were obtained for further analysis. RESULTS Sixteen patients with 17 non-palpable pulmonary nodules were enrolled in this study. Sixteen nodules were localized successfully (16/17; 94.1%) using this novel approach with a median deviation of 9 mm. The mean time required for localization was 25 ± 5.2 min. For the nodules in the upper/middle and lower lobes, the median deviation was 6 mm (range, 0–12.0) and 16 mm (range, 15.0–20.0), respectively. The deviation difference between the groups was significant (Z = −2.957, P = 0.003). The pathological evaluation of resection margins was negative. CONCLUSIONS The 3D printing navigational template combined with MR can be a feasible approach for localizing pulmonary nodules.
- Publication
Interactive Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, 2021, Vol 32, Issue 4, p552
- ISSN
1569-9293
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/icvts/ivaa300