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- Title
A Comprehensive Study on Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation of Maize Kernels: Measurement of Biophoton Emissions, Metabolite Levels and Thermodynamical Attributes During Germination.
- Authors
Perveen, Rashida; Jamil, Yasir; Javed, Yasir; Shahid, Muhammad
- Abstract
The present study was conducted to assess the effects of different fluences of Nd:YAG pulsed laser irradiation on the kernel thermodynamic attributes and biophoton emission in relation with the changes in kernel metabolites during kernel germination. Significant changes in kernel internal energy, enthalpy change, entropy generation, entropy generation ratio, entropy flux, entropy flux ratio, and biophoton emission were observed. Lower laser fluences (200, 400 and 600 J/cm2) positively influenced these attributes in association with a rapid increase in kernel chlorophyll (Chl.), carotenoids (Car.), total soluble sugar (TSS), total reducing sugar (TRS), total free amino acids (TFAA) and free fatty acids (FFA) contents as compared to non-treated ones but the opposite was true at higher fluences (800 J/cm2 and above). Correlations and PCA analysis were performed for the studied attributes that showed strong negative correlations of kernel Chl., Car., TSS, TRS, TFAA and FFA with kernel TSP and oil contents that confer the breakdown of kernel reserves and this conversion was faster at low laser fluences. In conclusion, 200 and 400 J/cm2 fluences have been found the most beneficial ones as kernel treatment in maize for better metabolic activities to improve the germination.
- Subjects
ND-YAG lasers; PULSED lasers; CORN seeds; FREE fatty acids; GERMINATION; CORN
- Publication
Arabian Journal for Science & Engineering (Springer Science & Business Media B.V. ), 2022, Vol 47, Issue 6, p7593
- ISSN
2193-567X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s13369-021-06328-6