We found a match
Your institution may have rights to this item. Sign in to continue.
- Title
Development of the indirect flight muscles of Aedes aegypti, a main arbovirus vector.
- Authors
Celestino-Montes, Antonio; Hernández-Martínez, Salvador; Rodríguez, Mario Henry; Cázares-Raga, Febe Elena; Vázquez-Calzada, Carlos; Lagunes-Guillén, Anel; Chávez-Munguía, Bibiana; Rubio-Miranda, José Ángel; Hernández-Cázares, Felipe de Jesús; Cortés-Martínez, Leticia; Hernández-Hernández, Fidel de la Cruz
- Abstract
Background: Flying is an essential function for mosquitoes, required for mating and, in the case of females, to get a blood meal and consequently function as a vector. Flight depends on the action of the indirect flight muscles (IFMs), which power the wings beat. No description of the development of IFMs in mosquitoes, including Aedes aegypti, is available. Methods: A. aegypti thoraces of larvae 3 and larvae 4 (L3 and L4) instars were analyzed using histochemistry and bright field microscopy. IFM primordia from L3 and L4 and IFMs from pupal and adult stages were dissected and processed to detect F-actin labelling with phalloidin-rhodamine or TRITC, or to immunodetection of myosin and tubulin using specific antibodies, these samples were analyzed by confocal microscopy. Other samples were studied using transmission electron microscopy. Results: At L3–L4, IFM primordia for dorsal-longitudinal muscles (DLM) and dorsal–ventral muscles (DVM) were identified in the expected locations in the thoracic region: three primordia per hemithorax corresponding to DLM with anterior to posterior orientation were present. Other three primordia per hemithorax, corresponding to DVM, had lateral position and dorsal to ventral orientation. During L3 to L4 myoblast fusion led to syncytial myotubes formation, followed by myotendon junctions (MTJ) creation, myofibrils assembly and sarcomere maturation. The formation of Z-discs and M-line during sarcomere maturation was observed in pupal stage and, the structure reached in teneral insects a classical myosin thick, and actin thin filaments arranged in a hexagonal lattice structure. Conclusions: A general description of A. aegypti IFM development is presented, from the myoblast fusion at L3 to form myotubes, to sarcomere maturation at adult stage. Several differences during IFM development were observed between A. aegypti (Nematoceran) and Drosophila melanogaster (Brachyceran) and, similitudes with Chironomus sp. were observed as this insect is a Nematoceran, which is taxonomically closer to A. aegypti and share the same number of larval stages.
- Subjects
AEDES aegypti; DROSOPHILA melanogaster; TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; INSECT flight; CONFOCAL microscopy; VECTOR valued functions
- Publication
BMC Developmental Biology, 2021, Vol 21, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1471-213X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s12861-021-00242-8