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- Title
Diagnostic Imaging Strategies for Occult Hip Fractures: A Decision and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.
- Authors
Yun, Brian J.; Myriam Hunink, M. G.; Prabhakar, Anand M.; Heng, Marilyn; Liu, Shan W.; Qudsi, Rameez; Raja, Ali S.; Carpenter, Christopher R.
- Abstract
Objective Hip fractures cause significant morbidity and mortality. Determining the optimal diagnostic strategy for the subset of patients with potential occult hip fracture remains challenging. We determined the most cost-effective strategy for the diagnosis of occult hip fractures from the choices of performing only computed tomography ( CT), performing only magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI), performing CT and if negative performing MRI ( MRI-selective strategy) or discharging the patient without advanced imaging. Methods We developed a decision-analytic model to compare outcomes and costs of different diagnostic strategies for the diagnosis of an occult hip fracture from a societal perspective. Model inputs were derived from charge data, Medicare reimbursements, and the literature. Strategies with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio ( ICER) below $100,000 per quality-adjusted life-year ( QALY) gained were considered cost-effective. We tested the robustness of our results using probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Results Compared to a CT strategy, MRI provides an additional 0.05 QALY at an incremental cost of $1,227 and ICER of $25,438/ QALY. For facilities without MRI capability, if the cost of transfer is below $1,228, transferring the patient to a MRI-capable facility is the most cost-effective strategy. Above this cost, employing a CT and if negative transfer to a MRI-capable facility strategy was more cost-effective. When the cost of a transfer reached more than $4,039, it became more cost-effective to only obtain a CT. Conclusion MRI is a cost-effective strategy for the diagnosis of an occult hip fracture. For facilities without MRI capability, the most cost-effective strategy depends on the cost of the interfacility transfer.
- Subjects
DIAGNOSIS of bone fractures; HIP joint injury diagnosis; COMPUTER simulation; COST effectiveness; DIAGNOSTIC imaging; EMERGENCY medicine; BONE fractures; HIP joint injuries; MAGNETIC resonance imaging; MEDICAL needs assessment; MEDICAL care costs; DECISION making in clinical medicine; DATA analysis; SOFTWARE architecture
- Publication
Academic Emergency Medicine, 2016, Vol 23, Issue 10, p1161
- ISSN
1069-6563
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/acem.13026