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- Title
Regulation of Energy Balance during Long-Term Physical Inactivity Induced by Bed Rest with and without Exercise Training.
- Authors
Bergouignan, Audrey; Momken, Iman; Schoeller, Dale A.; Normand, Sylvie; Zahariev, Alexandre; Lescure, Bernadette; Simon, Chantal; Blanc, Stéphane
- Abstract
Background: Short-term physical inactivity affects energy balance and is considered conducive to weigh gain. Long-term effects are unknown. Objective: The objective of the study was to use a bed-rest model to determine the long-term effects of physical inactivity on energy balance regulation and test the effect of exercise training on energy balance adjustment to physical inactivity. Design: Sixteen lean women were divided into two groups (n = 8 each): a control group subjected to a strict 60-d bed rest and an exercise group subjected to a combined aerobic/resistive exercise training concomitantly to bed rest. Body composition, spontaneous energy intake, hunger, total energy expenditure (TEE), and fasting gut hormones were measured. Results: Based on bed-rest-induced body composition changes, the control group were in slight negative energy balance (−0.4 ± 0.4 MJ/d; P = 0.01 vs. zero), essentially due to muscle atrophy (P < 0.001 vs. zero). The stable fat mass (P = 0.19 vs. zero), and the matching between spontaneous energy intake and TEE indicated, however, a stable energy balance. Hunger and gut hormones remained unchanged during the bed rest. In the exercise group, TEE was 24% higher than in the control group (P = 0.004). Unexpectedly, desire to consume food (P = 0.025) decreased and spontaneous energy intake (P = NS) was not stimulated, promoting a negative energy balance (−1.1 ± 0.5 MJ/d, P = 0.0003 vs. zero). Conclusions: Energy balance is regulated during 2 months of physical inactivity, contrasting with short-term experiments. Conversely, exercise-induced energy expenditure in bed-resting subjects who have no spontaneous physical activity did not induce hunger and promoted a negative energy balance, suggesting a potential role of nonexercise physical activities in energy balance regulation.
- Publication
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2010, Vol 95, Issue 3, p1045
- ISSN
0021-972X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1210/jc.2009-1005