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- Title
<italic>Nanos</italic> genes and their role in development and beyond.
- Authors
De Keuckelaere, Evi; Hulpiau, Paco; Saeys, Yvan; Berx, Geert; van Roy, Frans
- Abstract
The hallmark of Nanos proteins is their typical (CCHC)2 zinc finger motif (zf-nanos). Animals have one to four <italic>nanos</italic> genes. For example, the fruit fly and demosponge have only one <italic>nanos</italic> gene, zebrafish and humans have three, and <italic>Fugu rubripes</italic> has four. <italic>Nanos</italic> genes are mainly known for their evolutionarily preserved role in germ cell survival and pluripotency. Nanos proteins have been reported to bind the C-terminal RNA-binding domain of Pumilio to form a post-transcriptional repressor complex. Several observations point to a link between the miRNA-mediated repression complex and the Nanos/Pumilio complex. Repression of the E2F3 oncogene product is, indeed, mediated by cooperation between the Nanos/Pumilio complex and miRNAs. Another important interaction partner of Nanos is the CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex. Besides the tissue-specific contribution of Nanos proteins to normal development, their ectopic expression has been observed in several cancer cell lines and various human cancers. An inverse correlation between the expression levels of human Nanos1 and Nanos3 and E-cadherin was observed in several cancer cell lines. Loss of E-cadherin, an important cell-cell adhesion protein, contributes to tumor invasion and metastasis. Overexpression of Nanos3 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung cancer cell lines partly by repressing E-cadherin. Other than some most interesting data from <italic>Nanos</italic> knockout mice, little is known about mammalian Nanos proteins, and further research is needed. In this review, we summarize the main roles of Nanos proteins and discuss the emerging concept of Nanos proteins as oncofetal antigens.
- Subjects
ZINC-finger proteins; GERM cells; MICRORNA; ZINC-finger protein genetics; RNA-binding proteins; GENETICS
- Publication
Cellular & Molecular Life Sciences, 2018, Vol 75, Issue 11, p1929
- ISSN
1420-682X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00018-018-2766-3