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- Title
Relating Phthalate and BPA Exposure to Metabolism in Peripubescence: The Role of Exposure Timing, Sex, and Puberty.
- Authors
Watkins, Deborah J; Peterson, Karen E; Ferguson, Kelly K; Mercado-García, Adriana; Tamayo Y Ortiz, Marcela; Cantoral, Alejandra; Meeker, John D; Téllez-Rojo, Martha Maria
- Abstract
<bold>Context: </bold>Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals during development may play a role in the increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes among children and adolescents by interfering with metabolic homeostasis.<bold>Objective: </bold>To explore associations between in utero and peripubertal urinary phthalate metabolite and bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations and markers of peripubertal metabolic homeostasis.<bold>Design: </bold>Early Life Exposure in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT): a longitudinal cohort study of pregnant women in Mexico City and their offspring.<bold>Setting: </bold>Public maternity hospitals in Mexico City.<bold>Patients or Other Participants: </bold>Women recruited during pregnancy; offspring recruited for follow-up at age 8-14 years (n = 250).<bold>Interventions: </bold>None.<bold>Main Outcome Measures: </bold>Fasting serum c-peptide, IGF-1, leptin, and glucose concentrations among children at follow-up; calculated measures of insulin secretion and insulin resistance.<bold>Results: </bold>Phthalate metabolites and BPA were associated with metabolism biomarkers at age 8-14 years in patterns that varied by sex, pubertal status, and exposure timing. For example, in utero monoethyl phthalate was associated with lower insulin secretion among pubertal boys (P = .02) and higher leptin among girls (P = .04). In utero di-2-ethylhexyl phthlate was associated with higher IGF-1 among pubertal girls; peripubertal di-2-ethylhexyl phthlate was associated with higher IGF-1, insulin secretion, and resistance among prepubertal girls. In contrast, peripubertal dibutyl phthalate, monobenzyl phthalate, and mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate were associated with lower IGF-1 among pubertal boys. Peripubertal BPA was associated with higher leptin in boys (P = .01).<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Considering the long-term health effects related to metabolic syndrome, additional research on exposure and metabolic outcomes across developmental periods and early adulthood is needed.
- Subjects
MEXICO; BLOOD sugar analysis; BENZENE; BLOOD sugar; ENERGY metabolism; HOMEOSTASIS; INSULIN resistance; LONGITUDINAL method; PHENOLS; POLLUTANTS; PUBERTY; RESEARCH funding; SEX distribution; LEPTIN; ENVIRONMENTAL exposure; CARBOCYCLIC acids
- Publication
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2016, Vol 101, Issue 1, p79
- ISSN
0021-972X
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1210/jc.2015-2706