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- Title
Anatomic Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Developing Child and Adolescent Brain and Effects of Genetic Variation.
- Authors
Giedd, Jay N.; Stockman, Michael; Weddle, Catherine; Liverpool, Maria; Alexander-Bloch, Aaron; Wallace, Gregory L.; Lee, Nancy R.; Lalonde, Francois; Lenroot, Rhoshel K.
- Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging studies have begun to map effects of genetic variation on trajectories of brain development. Longitudinal studies of children and adolescents demonstrate a general pattern of childhood peaks of gray matter followed by adolescent declines, functional and structural increases in connectivity and integrative processing, and a changing balance between limbic/subcortical and frontal lobe functions, which extends well into young adulthood. Twin studies have demonstrated that genetic factors are responsible for a significant amount of variation in pediatric brain morphometry. Longitudinal studies have shown specific genetic polymorphisms affect rates of cortical changes associated with maturation. Although over-interpretation and premature application of neuroimaging findings for diagnostic purposes remains a risk, converging data from multiple imaging modalities is beginning to elucidate the influences of genetic factors on brain development and implications of maturational changes for cognition, emotion, and behavior.
- Subjects
MAGNETIC resonance imaging; HUMAN genetic variation; MATURATION (Psychology); GENETIC polymorphisms; BRAIN physiology
- Publication
Neuropsychology Review, 2010, Vol 20, Issue 4, p349
- ISSN
1040-7308
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11065-010-9151-9