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- Title
The Role of Adiponectin during Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes.
- Authors
Moyce Gruber, Brittany L.; Dolinsky, Vernon W.
- Abstract
Pregnancy involves a range of metabolic adaptations to supply adequate energy for fetal growth and development. Gestational diabetes (GDM) is defined as hyperglycemia with first onset during pregnancy. GDM is a recognized risk factor for both pregnancy complications and long-term maternal and offspring risk of cardiometabolic disease development. While pregnancy changes maternal metabolism, GDM can be viewed as a maladaptation by maternal systems to pregnancy, which may include mechanisms such as insufficient insulin secretion, dysregulated hepatic glucose output, mitochondrial dysfunction and lipotoxicity. Adiponectin is an adipose-tissue-derived adipokine that circulates in the body and regulates a diverse range of physiologic mechanisms including energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity. In pregnant women, circulating adiponectin levels decrease correspondingly with insulin sensitivity, and adiponectin levels are low in GDM. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about metabolic adaptations to pregnancy and the role of adiponectin in these processes, with a focus on GDM. Recent studies from rodent model systems have clarified that adiponectin deficiency during pregnancy contributes to GDM development. The upregulation of adiponectin alleviates hyperglycemia in pregnant mice, although much remains to be understood for adiponectin to be utilized clinically for GDM.
- Subjects
GESTATIONAL diabetes; ADIPONECTIN; PREGNANCY complications; PREGNANT women; INSULIN sensitivity; HEART metabolism disorders
- Publication
Life (2075-1729), 2023, Vol 13, Issue 2, p301
- ISSN
2075-1729
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/life13020301