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- Title
The independent and combined effects of exercise training and reducing sedentary behavior on cardiometabolic risk factors.
- Authors
Kozey Keadle, Sarah; Lyden, Kate; Staudenmayer, John; Hickey, Amanda; Viskochil, Richard; Braun, Barry; Freedson, Patty S.
- Abstract
This pilot study examined if the combination of exercise training and reducing sedentary time (ST) results in greater changes to health markers than either intervention alone. Fifty-seven overweight/obese participants (19 males/39 females) (mean ± SD; age, 43.6 ± 9.9 years; body mass index (BMI), 35.1 ± 4.6 kg·m-2) completed the 12-week study and were randomly assigned to ( i) EX: exercise 5 days·week-1 for 40 min·session-1 at moderate intensity; ( ii) rST: reduce ST and increase nonexercise physical activity; ( iii) EX-rST: combination of EX and rST; and ( iv) CON: maintain behavior. Fasting lipids, blood pressure (BP), peak oxygen uptake, BMI, and 2-h oral glucose tolerance tests were completed pre- and post-intervention. EX and EX-rST increased peak oxygen uptake by ∼10% and decreased systolic BP (both p < 0.001). BMI decreased by -3.3% (95% confidence interval: -4.6% to -1.9%) for EX-rST and -2.2% (-3.5% to 0.0%) for EX. EX-rST significantly increased composite insulin-sensitivity index by 17.8% (2.8% to 32.8%) and decreased insulin area under the curve by 19.4% (-31.4% to -7.3%). No other groups improved in insulin action variables. rST group decreased ST by 7% (∼50 min·day-1); however, BP was the only health-related outcome that improved. EX and EX-rST improved peak oxygen uptake and BMI, providing further evidence that moderate-intensity exercise is beneficial. The within-group analysis provides preliminary evidence that exercising and reducing ST may result in improvements in metabolic biomarkers that are not seen with exercise alone, though between-group differences did not reach statistical significance. Future studies, with larger samples, should examine health-related outcomes resulting from greater reductions in ST over longer intervention periods.
- Subjects
MASSACHUSETTS; METABOLIC disorders; ANALYSIS of covariance; ANALYSIS of variance; BIOMARKERS; BLOOD pressure measurement; CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors; CONFIDENCE intervals; EXERCISE physiology; HEALTH behavior; INSULIN resistance; LIPIDS; OBESITY; RESEARCH funding; STATISTICAL sampling; PILOT projects; BODY mass index; RANDOMIZED controlled trials; SEDENTARY lifestyles; DATA analysis software; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; PREVENTION
- Publication
Applied Physiology, Nutrition & Metabolism, 2014, Vol 39, Issue 7, p770
- ISSN
1715-5312
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1139/apnm-2013-0379