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- Title
Intersectional HIV- and Depression-Related Stigma Among People with HIV Entering HIV Care in Cameroon.
- Authors
Filiatreau, Lindsey M.; Ebasone, Peter Vanes; Dzudie, Anastase; Wainberg, Milton; Yotebieng, Marcel; Anastos, Kathryn; Parcesepe, Angela M.
- Abstract
Mental health-related stigma is a prominent barrier to improved mental health outcomes globally and may be particularly harmful to populations with other stigmatized identities. We aimed to understand intersectional depression- and HIV-related stigma among people with HIV (PWH) entering HIV care in Cameroon. Using baseline data from a cohort of PWH entering HIV care in Cameroon between 2019 and 2020, we characterized depression- and HIV-related stigma in the population overall and by sociodemographic sub-group. We also explored substantively meaningful variation in stigma endorsement by depressive symptom severity (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]) and causal attribution of depression. Among those with elevated depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 scores > 4), we estimated the association between stigma type and depressive symptom severity using binomial regression. Among 398 participants, 49% endorsed low HIV- and depression-related stigma (N = 195), 10% endorsed high HIV- and depression-related stigma (N = 38), 29% endorsed high depression-related stigma only (N = 116), and 12% endorsed high HIV-related stigma only (N = 49). Respondents with and without heightened depressive symptoms commonly believed depressive symptoms were caused by HIV (N = 140; 32.9%). Among those with elevated depressive symptoms, the prevalence of moderate to severe symptoms was higher among those endorsing high HIV-related stigma only (prevalence ratio 1.55; 95% confidence interval: 1.01, 2.37) compared to those reporting low HIV- and depression-related stigma. HIV- and depression-related stigma are both common among PWH entering HIV care in Cameroon. The consistent association between HIV-related stigma and poor psychosocial well-being among people with HIV necessitates the urgent scale-up of evidence-based HIV-related stigma interventions specifically.
- Subjects
CAMEROON; HIV infection epidemiology; CROSS-sectional method; RESEARCH funding; INTERVIEWING; QUESTIONNAIRES; HIV infections; DISEASE prevalence; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; PSYCHOLOGY of HIV-positive persons; LONGITUDINAL method; SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors; CONFIDENCE intervals; MENTAL depression; SOCIAL stigma; REGRESSION analysis; WELL-being
- Publication
AIDS & Behavior, 2024, Vol 28, Issue 9, p2950
- ISSN
1090-7165
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10461-024-04375-2