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- Title
Speciation of sulfur in individual aerosol particles from work places by wavelength-dispersive electron-probe microanalysis.
- Authors
Höflich, B. L. W.; Weinbruch, S.; Ortner, H. M.
- Abstract
The oxidation state of sulfur has been determined by measuring the energy shift of the S Kα line by wavelength-dispersive electron-probe microanalysis. On flat polished samples the energy shift between sulfate (S+6) and sulfide (S-2) was 1.3 eV, in good agreement with previous literature data. The observed energy shift of the S Kα line is dominated by the change of the valence state of sulfur—the effects of co-ordination geometry and nearest neighbours are small. The relationship between the energy shift of the S Kα line and the oxidation number of sulfur is linear, to a first approximation. The effect of particle geometry on the position of the S Kα line is usually small and introduces an error of approximately half an oxidation number. The apparent sulfur valence states observed for individual aerosol particles from work places in a nickel refinery are highly variable and most probably result from different mixtures of the two end-members sulfide and sulfate.
- Subjects
OXIDATION; SULFUR; AEROSOLS; WORK environment; ELECTRONIC probes; ELECTRON probe microanalysis; MICROPROBE analysis
- Publication
Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2004, Vol 378, Issue 1, p167
- ISSN
1618-2642
- Publication type
Article