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- Title
Explaining the Fill‐Factor and Photocurrent Losses of Nonfullerene Acceptor‐Based Solar Cells by Probing the Long‐Range Charge Carrier Diffusion and Drift Lengths.
- Authors
Tokmoldin, Nurlan; Vollbrecht, Joachim; Hosseini, Seyed Mehrdad; Sun, Bowen; Perdigón‐Toro, Lorena; Woo, Han Young; Zou, Yingping; Neher, Dieter; Shoaee, Safa
- Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSC) nowadays match their inorganic competitors in terms of current production but lag behind with regards to their open‐circuit voltage loss and fill‐factor, with state‐of‐the‐art OSCs rarely displaying fill‐factor of 80% and above. The fill‐factor of transport‐limited solar cells, including organic photovoltaic devices, is affected by material and device‐specific parameters, whose combination is represented in terms of the established figures of merit, such as θ and α. Herein, it is demonstrated that these figures of merit are closely related to the long‐range carrier drift and diffusion lengths. Further, a simple approach is presented to devise these characteristic lengths using steady‐state photoconductance measurements. This yields a straightforward way of determining θ and α in complete cells and under operating conditions. This approach is applied to a variety of photovoltaic devices—including the high efficiency nonfullerene acceptor blends—and show that the diffusion length of the free carriers provides a good correlation with the fill‐factor. It is, finally, concluded that most state‐of‐the‐art organic solar cells exhibit a sufficiently large drift length to guarantee efficient charge extraction at short circuit, but that they still suffer from too small diffusion lengths of photogenerated carriers limiting their fill factor.
- Subjects
CHARGE carrier lifetime; SOLAR cells; CHARGE carriers; SILICON solar cells; OPEN-circuit voltage; SHORT circuits
- Publication
Advanced Energy Materials, 2021, Vol 11, Issue 22, p1
- ISSN
1614-6832
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/aenm.202100804