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- Title
Two arginine residues in the COOH-terminal of human β-defensin-3 constitute an essential motif for antimicrobial activity and IL-6 production.
- Authors
Sakagami‐Yasui, Yoko; Shirafuji, Yoshinori; Yamasaki, Osamu; Morizane, Shin; Hamada, Toshihisa; Umemura, Hiroshi; Iwatsuki, Keiji
- Abstract
Human β-defensin-3 ( HBD-3) possesses antimicrobial activities and the potential to induce proinflammatory cytokines. HBD-3 contains a unique motif of two arginine residues (Arg or R) in the COOH-terminal region. To understand the bioactive properties of the Arg residues of HBD-3, we examined antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using synthetic HBD-2, HBD-3 and two variant peptides of HBD-3: the Arg-truncated variant designated desR HBD-3 and NRR HBD-3, in which both Arg residues were shifted to the N-terminal region. IL-6 production from keratinocytes was studied using the peptides. HBD-3 possessed approximately five-fold more potent antimicrobial activities, evaluated as the minimum inhibitory concentration ( MIC), against S. aureus compared with desR and NRR HBD-3, while no significant activity was observed in HBD-2. The antimicrobial activity of HBD-3 against S. aureus was well preserved even at high sodium chloride concentrations, but was attenuated in desR and NRR HBD-3. All the peptides exhibited similar antimicrobial activities against P. aeruginosa, but HBD-2 and desR HBD-3 showed diminished antimicrobial activities against P. aeruginosa at high salt concentrations. IL-6 production was significantly induced in keratinocytes with HBD-3, but not remarkably with stimulation by other peptide. These Arg residues are essential for the antimicrobial and biological properties of HBD-3.
- Subjects
ARGININE; DEFENSINS; ANTI-infective agents; INTERLEUKIN-6; KERATINOCYTES
- Publication
Experimental Dermatology, 2017, Vol 26, Issue 11, p1026
- ISSN
0906-6705
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/exd.13361