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- Title
A Maleimide‐functionalized Tetraphenylethene for Measuring and Imaging Unfolded Proteins in Cells.
- Authors
Zhang, Shouxiang; Liu, Mengjie; Tan, Lewis Yi Fong; Hong, Quentin; Pow, Ze Liang; Owyong, Tze Cin; Ding, Siyang; Wong, Wallace W. H.; Hong, Yuning
- Abstract
Collapse of the protein homeostasis (proteostasis) can lead to accumulation and aggregation of unfolded proteins, which has been found to associate with a number of disease conditions including neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes and inflammation. Here we report a maleimide‐functionalized tetraphenylethene (TPE)‐derivatized fluorescent dye, TPE‐NMI, which shows fluorescence turn‐on property upon reacting with unfolded proteins in vitro and in live cells under proteostatic stress conditions. The level of unfolded proteins can be measured by flow cytometry and visualized with confocal microscopy. Stress proteins out: TPE‐NMI probes unfolded proteins by targeting cysteines located in a hydrophobic environment. Upon thiol conjugation via maleimide and restriction of intramolecular rotation, its fluorescence quantum yield increases dramatically. Based on this mechanism, we have shown TPE‐NMI can turn on fluorescence upon reacting with unfolded proteins in vitro and in live cells under proteostatic stress conditions.
- Subjects
PROTEINS; FLUORESCENCE yield
- Publication
Chemistry - An Asian Journal, 2019, Vol 14, Issue 6, p904
- ISSN
1861-4728
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/asia.201900150