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- Title
Association of Time Elapsed Since Ischemic Stroke With Risk of Recurrent Stroke in Older Patients Undergoing Elective Nonneurologic, Noncardiac Surgery.
- Authors
Glance, Laurent G.; Benesch, Curtis G.; Holloway, Robert G.; Thirukumaran, Caroline P.; Nadler, Jacob W.; Eaton, Michael P.; Fleming, Fergal J.; Dick, Andrew W.
- Abstract
This cohort study assesses whether the period after an ischemic stroke is associated with the risk of recurrent stroke in patients aged 66 years or older who are undergoing elective nonneurologic, noncardiac surgery. Key Points: Question: Is the time elapsed since an ischemic stroke associated with an increased risk of recurrent stroke in older patients undergoing elective nonneurologic, noncardiac surgery? Findings: In this cohort study of 5 841 539 patients, those who had a stroke within 30 days before surgery had an 8-fold higher risk of stroke compared with patients without a previous stroke. The risk of stroke significantly decreased at 90 days and did not decrease significantly thereafter. Meaning: These findings suggest that waiting more than 90 days after a stroke may not reduce the risk of recurrent stroke in older patients undergoing elective nonneurologic, noncardiac surgery. Importance: Perioperative strokes are a major cause of death and disability. There is limited information on which to base decisions for how long to delay elective nonneurologic, noncardiac surgery in patients with a history of stroke. Objective: To examine whether an association exists between the time elapsed since an ischemic stroke and the risk of recurrent stroke in older patients undergoing elective nonneurologic, noncardiac surgery. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study used data from the 100% Medicare Provider Analysis and Review files, including the Master Beneficiary Summary File, between 2011 and 2018 and included elective nonneurologic, noncardiac surgeries in patients 66 years or older. Patients were excluded if they had more than 1 procedure during a 30-day period, were transferred from another hospital or facility, were missing information on race and ethnicity, were admitted in December 2018, or had tracheostomies or gastrostomies. Data were analyzed May 7 to October 23, 2021. Exposures: Time interval between a previous hospital admission for acute ischemic stroke and surgery. Main Outcomes and Measures: Acute ischemic stroke during the index surgical admission or rehospitalization for stroke within 30 days of surgery, 30-day all-cause mortality, composite of stroke and mortality, and discharge to a nursing home or skilled nursing facility. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) to quantify the association between outcome and time since ischemic stroke. Results: The final cohort included 5 841 539 patients who underwent elective nonneurologic, noncardiac surgeries (mean [SD] age, 74.1 [6.1] years; 3 371 329 [57.7%] women), of which 54 033 (0.9%) had a previous stroke. Patients with a stroke within 30 days before surgery had higher adjusted odds of perioperative stroke (AOR, 8.02; 95% CI, 6.37-10.10; P <.001) compared with patients without a previous stroke. The adjusted odds of stroke were not significantly different at an interval of 61 to 90 days between previous stroke and surgery (AOR, 5.01; 95% CI, 4.00-6.29; P <.001) compared with 181 to 360 days (AOR, 4.76; 95% CI, 4.26-5.32; P <.001). The adjusted odds of 30-day all-cause mortality were higher in patients who underwent surgery within 30 days of a previous stroke (AOR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.99-3.16; P <.001) compared with those without a history of stroke, and the AOR decreased to 1.49 (95% CI, 1.15-1.92; P <.001) at 61 to 90 days from previous stroke to surgery but did not decline significantly, even after an interval of 360 or more days. Conclusions and Relevance: The findings of this cohort study suggest that, among patients undergoing nonneurologic, noncardiac surgery, the risk of stroke and death leveled off when more than 90 days elapsed between a previous stroke and elective surgery. These findings suggest that the recent scientific statement by the American Heart Association to delay elective nonneurologic, noncardiac surgery for at least 6 months after a recent stroke may be too conservative.
- Publication
JAMA Surgery, 2022, Vol 157, Issue 8, pe222236
- ISSN
2168-6254
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1001/jamasurg.2022.2236