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- Title
Brain structural changes and neuropsychological impairments in male polydipsic schizophrenia.
- Authors
Tomohisa Nagashima; Makoto Inoue; Soichiro Kitamura; Kuniaki Kiuchi; Jun Kosaka; Koji Okada; Naoko Kishimoto; Toshiaki Taoka; Kimihiko Kichikawa; Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Abstract
Background: Polydipsia frequently occurs in schizophrenia patients. The excessive water loading in polydipsia occasionally induces a hyponatremic state and leads to water intoxication. Whether polydipsia in schizophrenic patients correlates with neuropsychological impairments or structural brain changes is not clear and remains controversial. Methods: Eight polydipsic schizophrenia patients, eight nonpolydipsic schizophrenia patients, and eight healthy controls were recruited. All subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neuropsychological testing. Structural abnormalities were analyzed using a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) approach, and patients' neuropsychological function was assessed using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, Japanese version (BACS-J). Results: No significant differences were found between the two patient groups with respect to the clinical characteristics. Compared with healthy controls, polydipsic patients showed widespread brain volume reduction and neuropsychological impairment. Furthermore, the left insula was significantly reduced in polydipsic patients compared with nonpolydipsic patients. These nonpolydipsic patients performed intermediate to the other two groups in the neuropsychological function test. Conclusions: It is possible that polydipsia or the secondary hyponatremia might induce left insula volume reduction. Furthermore, this structural brain change may indirectly induce more severe neuropsychological impairments in polydipsic patients. Thus, we suggest that insula abnormalities might contribute to the pathophysiology of polydipsic patients.
- Subjects
POLYDIPSIA; PEOPLE with schizophrenia; SCHIZOPHRENIA; DIAGNOSTIC imaging; BRAIN diseases
- Publication
BMC Psychiatry, 2012, Vol 12, Issue 1, p210
- ISSN
1471-244X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/1471-244X-12-210