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- Title
Electrical Properties of Undoped Bulk ZnO Substrates.
- Authors
Polyakov, A. Y.; Smirnov, N. B.; Govorkov, A. V.; Kozhukhova, E. A.; Pearton, S. J.; Norton, D. P.; Osinsky, A.; Dabiran, Amir
- Abstract
Undoped bulk ZnO crystals obtained from Tokyo Denpa show either resistive behavior [(5 x 104)-(3 x 105) Ohm cm) or low n-type conductivity (n ≃ 1014 cm-3) with mobilities in the latter case of 130-150 cm²/V sec. The variation in resistivity may be related to the thermal instability of Li that is present in the samples. The Fermi level is pinned by 90-meV shallow donors that are deeper than the 70 meV and hydrogen-related 35-meV shallow donors in Eagle Pitcher and Cermet substrates. In all three cases, 0.3-eV electron traps are very prominent, and in the Tokyo Denpa material they dominate the high-temperature capacitance-frequency characteristics. The concentration of these traps, on the order of 2 x 1015 cm-3, is about 20 times higher in the Tokyo Denpa ZnO compared to the two other materials. The other electron traps at Ec -0.2 eV commonly observed in undoped n-ZnO are not detected in conducting Tokyo Denpa ZnO samples, but they may be traps that pin the Fermi level in the more compensated high-resistivity samples.
- Subjects
TOKYO (Japan); JAPAN; CRYSTALS; ELECTRIC conductivity; HYDROGEN; TEMPERATURE
- Publication
Journal of Electronic Materials, 2006, Vol 35, Issue 4, p663
- ISSN
0361-5235
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11664-006-0117-x