We found a match
Your institution may have rights to this item. Sign in to continue.
- Title
Structural and Evolutionary Adaptation of NOD-Like Receptors in Birds.
- Authors
Ma, Xueting; Liu, Baohong; Gong, Zhenxing; Yu, Xinmao; Cai, Jianping
- Abstract
NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are intracellular sensors of the innate immune system that recognize intracellular pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Little information exists regarding the incidence of positive selection in the evolution of NLRs of birds or the structural differences between bird and mammal NLRs. Evidence of positive selection was identified in four avian NLRs (NOD1, NLRC3, NLRC5, and NLRP3) using the maximum likelihood approach. These NLRs are under different selection pressures which is indicative of different evolution patterns. Analysis of these NLRs showed a lower percentage of codons under positive selection in the LRR domain than seen in the studies of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), suggesting that the LRR domain evolves differently between NLRs and TLRs. Modeling of human, chicken, mammalian, and avian ancestral NLRs revealed the existence of variable evolution patterns in protein structure that may be adaptively driven.
- Subjects
BIRDS; BIOLOGICAL evolution; ANIMAL experimentation; SIGNAL peptides; PHYSIOLOGICAL adaptation; TOLL-like receptors
- Publication
BioMed Research International, 2021, p1
- ISSN
2314-6133
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1155/2021/5546170