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- Title
Nutrient and Rumen Fermentation Studies of Indian Pasture Legumes for Sustainable Animal Feed Utilisation in Semiarid Areas.
- Authors
Singh, Sultan; Singh, Tejveer; Koli, Pushpendra; Anele, Uchenna Y.; Bhadoria, Brijesh K.; Choudhary, Mukesh; Ren, Yonglin
- Abstract
Simple Summary: This research addresses the challenge of understanding the nutritional value of 16 Indian legume plants (5 annual and 11 perennial) for animal feed. The lack of comprehensive knowledge on their specific contributions and potential combinations for optimal animal nutrition poses a problem. The main objective is to assess the nutritive value, dry matter, mineral content and fermentation characteristics of these legumes. The study aims to fill the gaps in our understanding, exploring differences in protein, fibre and energy content among legumes. Additionally, it investigates gas and methane production to identify environmentally friendly options. The goal is to provide insights into how these legumes can be effectively combined, offering a scientific foundation for improving animal feeding practices in a sustainable and efficient manner. This study evaluated 5 annual and 11 perennial Indian pasture legumes species for their nutritive value, dry matter and mineral contents and in vitro fermentation parameters. Legume species differed significantly (p < 0.05) in various nutritional aspects such as organic matter, crude protein (CP), ether extract, fibres and protein fractions. Perennial Clitoria ternateaa had higher (p < 0.05) buffer soluble protein (477), while neutral detergent soluble protein was highest in annually grown Lablab purpureus (420 g/kg CP). Atylosia scarabaeoides (AS) had higher levels of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) (392 g/kg dry matter (DM)) than structural carbohydrates (SC) (367 g/kg DM). Its rapidly degradable fraction (51.7 g/kg (total carbohydrate) tCHO) was lower (p < 0.05) than other fractions of carbohydrates. Total digestible nutrients, digestible energy and metabolisable energy varied, with Desmodium virgatus (DV) having higher values and Stylosanthas seabrana (SSe) having the lowest. Predicted dry matter intake, digestible dry matter and relative feed value also showed significant differences (p < 0.05). Annual grasses such as Dolichos biflorus, Macroptilium atropurpureum, Rhynchosia minima (RM) were found to be better balanced with micro minerals. In vitro dry matter degradability, partition factor, short-chain fatty acids and microbial protein production of legumes varied significantly (p < 0.05). Gas and CH4 production (mL/g and mL/g (digestible DM) DDM) also varied, with Clitoria ternatea-blue having the highest gas production and C. ternatea -white (CT-w) and AS having lower CH4 production. Methane in total gas was low for DV, RM and CT-w (8.99%, 9.72% and 9.51%). Loss of DE and ME as CH4 varied (p < 0.05) among the legumes. Each legume offers unique benefits, potentially allowing for tailored combinations of annual and perennial legumes to optimize rumen feed efficiency.
- Subjects
RUMEN fermentation; ANIMAL feeds; LEGUMES; SHORT-chain fatty acids; SUSTAINABILITY; PASTURES
- Publication
Animals (2076-2615), 2023, Vol 13, Issue 23, p3676
- ISSN
2076-2615
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ani13233676