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- Title
Regime‐Dependence of Nocturnal Nitrate Formation via N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> Hydrolysis and Its Implication for Mitigating Nitrate Pollution.
- Authors
Ma, Pengkun; Quan, Jiannong; Dou, Youjun; Pan, Yubing; Liao, Zhiheng; Cheng, Zhigang; Jia, Xingcan; Wang, Qianqian; Zhan, Junlei; Ma, Wei; Zheng, Feixue; Wang, Yuzheng; Zhang, Yusheng; Hua, Chenjie; Yan, Chao; Kulmala, Markku; Liu, Yangang; Huang, Xin; Yuan, Bin; Brown, Steven S.
- Abstract
The heterogeneous hydrolysis of dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) is an important pathway in nitrate formation; however, its formation rate and relative contribution to total particulate nitrate (pNO3‐ ${{\text{pNO}}_{3}}^{\mbox{-}}$) are highly variable. Here we report that nocturnal pNO3‐ ${{\text{pNO}}_{3}}^{\mbox{-}}$ formation via N2O5 hydrolysis is dependent on the regime defined by the ratio of NO2 to O3. Nocturnal pNO3‐ ${{\text{pNO}}_{3}}^{\mbox{-}}$ formation via N2O5 hydrolysis is suppressed in an O3‐limited regime but enhanced in a NO2‐limited regime. The results have crucial implications for effective control of nitrate pollution in the future. An exclusive decrease in NO2 will decrease nocturnal pNO3‐ ${{\text{pNO}}_{3}}^{\mbox{-}}$ formation in a NO2‐limited regime but may be less effective or even increase nocturnal pNO3‐ ${{\text{pNO}}_{3}}^{\mbox{-}}$ formation in an O3‐limited regime. Plain Language Summary: Our observations show that nocturnal pNO3‐ ${{\text{pNO}}_{3}}^{\mbox{-}}$ formation via dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) hydrolysis in the residual layer over megacity Beijing is more efficient than at ground level. Further investigations suggest nocturnal pNO3‐ ${{\text{pNO}}_{3}}^{\mbox{-}}$ formation via N2O5 hydrolysis is dependent on the regime defined by the ratio of NO2 to O3. Nocturnal pNO3‐ ${{\text{pNO}}_{3}}^{\mbox{-}}$ formation via N2O5 hydrolysis is suppressed in an O3‐limited regime but enhanced in a NO2‐limited regime. As a result, an exclusive decrease in NO2 will decrease nocturnal pNO3‐ ${{\text{pNO}}_{3}}^{\mbox{-}}$ formation in a NO2‐limited regime but may be less effective or even increase nocturnal pNO3‐ ${{\text{pNO}}_{3}}^{\mbox{-}}$ formation in an O3‐limited regime. The above result is also substantiated by observations during the COVID‐19. Key Points: Nocturnal pNO3‐ ${{\text{pNO}}_{3}}^{\mbox{-}}$ formation via N2O5 hydrolysis is dependent on the regime defined by the ratio of NO2 to O3Nocturnal pNO3‐ ${{\text{pNO}}_{3}}^{\mbox{-}}$ formation via N2O5 hydrolysis in the residual layer over megacity Beijing is more efficient than at ground levelNocturnal pNO3‐ ${{\text{pNO}}_{3}}^{\mbox{-}}$ formation via N2O5 hydrolysis is suppressed in an O3‐limited regime but enhanced in a NO2‐limited regime
- Subjects
BEIJING (China); PARTICULATE nitrate; COVID-19 pandemic; NITRATES; POLLUTION; MEGALOPOLIS; INSULIN aspart
- Publication
Geophysical Research Letters, 2023, Vol 50, Issue 24, p1
- ISSN
0094-8276
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1029/2023GL106183