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- Title
Clinical Heterogeneity in Patients with Glutamate Decarboxylase Antibody.
- Authors
Huang, Jiehong; Li, Huilu; Zhou, Ruisi; Huang, Wenyao; Lin, Wenhui; Chen, Ting; Long, Youming
- Abstract
Objective: To explore the diversity and clinical features of anti-glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) antibody-associated neurological diseases. Methods: Clinical data of a series of 5 patients positive for anti-GAD antibodies were retrospectively analyzed. Results: All 5 patients were female, with a median age of 41.5 years (range 19–60 years). Their neurological symptoms included stiff-person syndrome (SPS), encephalitis, myelitis, cramp, visual loss, and paresthesia. Three patients (60%) were diagnosed with tumors, 2 cases of thymic tumor and 1 of breast cancer. On immunohistochemistry for tumor pathology, expression of GAD65 was found only in 1 patient. Four patients (80%) had abnormal brain MRI findings. All patients received immunotherapy and improved significantly after treatment, but 4 (80%) then experienced a relapse. Conclusions: Neurological manifestations in anti-GAD-positive patients are diverse and include SPS, encephalitis, myelitis, cramp, visual loss, and paresthesia.
- Publication
Neuroimmunomodulation, 2019, Vol 26, Issue 5, p234
- ISSN
1021-7401
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1159/000502695