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- Title
A cathodically polarized PANI-based lead ion-selective electrode: achieving high stability with antibiofouling capabilities.
- Authors
Liu, Yanhua; Waterhouse, Geoffrey I. N.; Jiang, Xiaohui; Zhang, Zhiming; Yu, Liangmin
- Abstract
Solid-state contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) are an efficacious means of monitoring heavy metal contamination. Instability of the electrode potential is a key factor limiting their development, with biofouling in real water samples posing a significant challenge to maintaining stability. Therefore, addressing biofouling is crucial for optimizing solid-state ion-selective electrodes. In this work, high stability and antibiofouling capability in a solid-state contact lead ion-selective electrode (SC-Pb2+-ISE) based on polyaniline (PANI) was achieved through cathodic polarization. Specifically, PANI played a dual role in the ion-selective membrane (ISM) as an ion-to-electron transducer and antifouling agent. Given the excellent electrochemical performance of PANI, the prepared electrode (GC/PANI-Pb2+-ISM) demonstrated a remarkable antibiofouling efficiency of 98.2% under a cathodic polarization of -0.2 V. Furthermore, a standard deviation of standard potential (Eθ) as low as ± 0.5 mV was realized successfully. The excellent chrono-potentiometric stability of 17.0 ± 2.9 μV/s was also demonstrated. The electrode maintained a Nernstian response slope of 30.7 ± 0.2 (R2 = 0.998) after applying a cathode potential (-0.2 V) for 30 min. The developed GC/PANI-Pb2+-ISM electrode is suitable for practical applications in real environmental water sample monitoring.
- Subjects
ELECTRODE potential; BIOCIDES; STANDARD deviations; ENVIRONMENTAL sampling; WATER sampling
- Publication
Microchimica Acta, 2024, Vol 191, Issue 9, p1
- ISSN
0026-3672
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00604-024-06581-0