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- Title
Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection in fully vaccinated patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: results from the COVID-19 Vaccination in Autoimmune Disease (COVAD) study.
- Authors
Palazzo, Leonardo; Lindblom, Julius; Kihlgren Olsson, Emelie; Nikiphorou, Elena; Wincup, Chris; Saha, Sreoshy; Shaharir, Syahrul Sazliyana; Katchamart, Wanruchada; Akarawatcharangura Goo, Phonpen; Traboco, Lisa; Chen, Yi-Ming; Lilleker, James B.; Nune, Arvind; Pauling, John D.; Agarwal, Vishwesh; Dzifa, Dey; Toro Gutiérrez, Carlos Enrique; Caballero-Uribe, Carlo V.; Chinoy, Hector; COVAD Study Group
- Abstract
Objective: To determine the occurrence of breakthrough COVID-19 infections (BIs) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared with patients with other rheumatic autoimmune diseases (rAIDs), patients with non-rheumatic autoimmune diseases (nrAIDs), and healthy controls (HCs). Methods: The study was based on data from 7035 fully vaccinated respondents to the online COVAD questionnaire with SLE (N = 852), rAIDs (N = 3098), or nrAIDs (N = 414), and HCs (N = 2671). BI was defined as COVID-19 infection occurring in individuals vaccinated with ≥ 2 doses (or 1 dose of J&J) ≥ 14 days after vaccination and not after 6 months since the last vaccine dose. Data were analysed using linear and logistic regression models. Results: A total of 91/852 (10.7%) SLE patients reported at least one BI. The frequency of BIs in SLE patients was comparable to that among HCs (277/2671; p = 0.847) and patients with nrAID (39/414; p = 0.552) but higher than that among patients with other rAIDs (235/3098; p = 0.005). No demographic factors or treatments were associated with BIs in SLE patients (p ≥ 0.05 for all). Joint pain was more frequent in SLE patients than in HCs (odds ratio [OR]: 3.38; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.89–6.04; p < 0.001) or nrAID patients (OR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.04–5.75; p = 0.041). Patient with SLE did not report a higher frequency of hospitalisation or need for advanced treatment for COVID-19 infection compared with disease controls and HCs, respectively. Conclusion: COVID-19 vaccination conferred similar protection against COVID-19 infection in terms of frequency and severity in patients with SLE to that reported by healthy individuals.
- Subjects
SYSTEMIC lupus erythematosus; JOINT pain; COVID-19; BREAKTHROUGH infections; COVID-19 treatment
- Publication
Rheumatology International, 2024, Vol 44, Issue 10, p1923
- ISSN
0172-8172
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00296-024-05682-6