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- Title
Characteristics, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment of Atmospheric Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group.
- Authors
LIU Xin; LI Sheng; MA Jieli; WANG Lei; LIU Zhan; SONG Yunfei; XU Bin; LUO Datong; SHEN Jian; ZHANG Junfeng
- Abstract
Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) are important air pollutants that harm human health and air quality. In order to understand the pollution characteristics, sources, and health risks of BTEX in the ambient air of the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group, continuous sampling was carried out at three urban sites in October 2020 and June 2021. The average concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene were 1.59, 2.34, 0.52, and 1.41 μg/m3 in the City Group, respectively. The correlations among BTEX and the relative ratio of benzene, toluene, and ethylbenzene(B/T/E) suggested that vehicle exhaust emissions and biomass/coal combustion were the major sources of atmospheric BTEX in the City Group. The results of the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model showed that vehicle emissions were the primary source of BTEX which contributed 50.21%, and the biomass/coal combustion source was 28.71%. The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) value of benzene for infants was considered to be lower than 1-10-6, which is the recommended value by the USEPA and the WHO. However, the ILCR value of the children and adults was 3.9 and 6.8 times the recommended value, respectively, suggesting that the potential carcinogenic risk of the children and adults due to atmospheric benzene could not be ignored. Vehicle exhausts were the major contributors to atmospheric BTEX and may be more significant, owing to the ever-increasing number of motor vehicles. Therefore, to effectively lower the environmental pollution and health risks caused by BTEX, it is necessary to strengthen controls on vehicle exhaust emissions.
- Subjects
AROMATIC compounds; AIR pollutants; HEALTH risk assessment; COAL combustion; ENVIRONMENTAL health; MATRIX decomposition; POLLUTION
- Publication
Environmental Science & Technology (10036504), 2023, Vol 46, Issue 6, p145
- ISSN
1003-6504
- Publication type
Article