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- Title
Diabetes Affects Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Older Residents of Long-term Care Facilities: Data From the GeroCovid Vax Study.
- Authors
Virgilio, Enrico; Trevisan, Caterina; Abbatecola, Angela; Malara, Alba; Palmieri, Annapina; Fedele, Giorgio; Stefanelli, Paola; Leone, Pasqualina; Schiavoni, Ilaria; Maggi, Stefania; Volpato, Stefano; Antonelli Incalzi, Raffaele; Onder, Graziano; AbbatecolaAngela MarieAndrieriDomenicoIncalziRaffaele AntonelliArenareFrancescaBagalàVivianaBaldovinTatjanaBernardiRiccardoBianchiAlessandraBianchiPaolaBiscegliaRaffaellaBissoliIvanBontempiFabioBorselliGildaBottaroLuigiBottoniElisaBrandiSilviaBravinC; Abbatecola, Angela Marie; Andrieri, Domenico; Incalzi, Raffaele Antonelli; Arenare, Francesca; Bagalà, Viviana; Baldovin, Tatjana
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Type 2 diabetes may affect the humoral immune response after vaccination, but data concerning coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) vaccines are scarce. We evaluated the impact of diabetes on antibody response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in older residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) and tested for differences according to antidiabetic treatment. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: For this analysis, 555 older residents of LTCFs participating in the GeroCovid Vax study were included. SARS-CoV-2 trimeric S immunoglobulin G (anti-S IgG) concentrations using chemiluminescent assays were tested before the first dose and after 2 and 6 months. The impact of diabetes on anti-S IgG levels was evaluated using linear mixed models, which included the interaction between time and presence of diabetes. A second model also considered diabetes treatment: no insulin therapy (including dietary only or use of oral antidiabetic agents) and insulin therapy (alone or in combination with oral antidiabetic agents). RESULTS: The mean age of the sample was 82.1 years, 68.1% were women, and 25.2% had diabetes. In linear mixed models, presence of diabetes was associated with lower anti-S IgG levels at 2 (β = −0.20; 95% CI −0.34, −0.06) and 6 months (β = −0.22; 95% CI −0.37, −0.07) after the first vaccine dose. Compared with those without diabetes, residents with diabetes not using insulin had lower IgG levels at 2- and 6-month assessments (β = −0.24; 95% CI −0.43, −0.05 and β = −0.30; 95% CI −0.50, −0.10, respectively), whereas no differences were observed for those using insulin. CONCLUSIONS: Older residents of LTCFs with diabetes tended to have weaker antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination. Insulin treatment might buffer this effect and establish humoral immunity similar to that in individuals without diabetes.
- Publication
Diabetes Care, 2022, Vol 45, Issue 12, p2935
- ISSN
0149-5992
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2337/dc22-1255