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- Title
Future of low back pain: unravelling IVD components and MSCs' potential.
- Authors
Leão Monteiro, Raquel
- Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) mainly emerges from intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. However, the failing mechanism of IVD ́s components, like the annulus fibrosus (AF) and nucleus pulposus (NP), leading to IVD degeneration/herniation is still poorly understood. Moreover, the specific role of cellular populations and molecular pathways involved in the inflammatory process associated with IVD herniation remains to be highlighted. The limited knowledge of inflammation associated with the initial steps of herniation and the lack of suitable models to mimic human IVD ́s complexity are some of the reasons for that. It has become essential to enhance the knowledge of cellular and molecular key players for AF and NP cells during inflammatory-driven degeneration. Due to unique properties of immunomodulation and pluripotency, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attained diverse recognition in this field of bone and cartilage regeneration. MSCs therapy has been particularly valuable in facilitating repair of damaged tissues and may benefit in mitigating inflammation' degenerative events. Therefore, this review article conducts comprehensive research to further understand the intertwine between the mechanisms of action of IVD components and therapeutic potential of MSCs, exploring their characteristics, how to optimize their use and establish them safely in distinct settings for LPB treatment. Keypoints: • LBP Burden: Poorly understood factors contribute to significant low back pain impact on health and well-being. • IVD and LBP: Disc degeneration links to low back pain, disrupting the intervertebral matrix and causing pain. • Regenerative Focus: Improving IVD components crucial for targeted regenerative therapies addressing inflammation. • Research Advances: IVD complexity, inflammatory markers, and MSC potential guide research despite replication challenges. • MSC Therapies: MSCs offer the potential for anti-inflammation, regeneration, and reduced costs, with ongoing research needed. This review article focuses on low back pain (LBP) caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and the need to better understand the mechanisms involved. The specific roles of cellular populations and molecular pathways in the inflammatory process associated with IVD herniation are not well understood, and suitable models to mimic human IVD complexity are insufficient. However, due to their unique immunomodulatory and pluripotency abilities, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained recognition in cellular therapy for bone and cartilage regeneration. MSCs have shown the potential in facilitating tissue repair and mitigating inflammation-related degenerative events. Therefore, this review article explores the intertwine between the mechanisms of action of IVD components and therapeutic potential of MSCs, exploring their characteristics, how to optimize their use and establish them safely in distinct settings for LPB treatment.
- Publication
Cell Regeneration, 2024, Vol 13, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2045-9769
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s13619-023-00184-5