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- Title
Estimating Human Impacts on Soil Erosion Considering Different Hillslope Inclinations and Land Uses in the Coastal Region of Syria.
- Authors
Mohammed, Safwan; Abdo, Hazem G.; Szabo, Szilard; Pham, Quoc Bao; Holb, Imre J.; Linh, Nguyen Thi Thuy; Anh, Duong Tran; Alsafadi, Karam; Mokhtar, Ali; Kbibo, Issa; Ibrahim, Jihad; Rodrigo-Comino, Jesus
- Abstract
Soils in the coastal region of Syria (CRoS) are one of the most fragile components of natural ecosystems. However, they are adversely affected by water erosion processes after extreme land cover modifications such as wildfires or intensive agricultural activities. The main goal of this research was to clarify the dynamic interaction between erosion processes and different ecosystem components (inclination, land cover/land use, and rainy storms) along with the vulnerable territory of the CRoS. Experiments were carried out in five different locations using a total of 15 erosion plots. Soil loss and runoff were quantified in each experimental plot, considering different inclinations and land uses (agricultural land (AG), burnt forest (BF), forest/control plot (F)). Observed runoff and soil loss varied greatly according to both inclination and land cover after 750 mm of rainfall (26 events). In the cultivated areas, the average soil water erosion ranged between 0.14 ± 0.07 and 0.74 ± 0.33 kg/m2; in the BF plots, mean soil erosion ranged between 0.03 ± 0.01 and 0.24 ± 0.10 kg/m2. The lowest amount of erosion was recorded in the F plots where the erosion ranged between 0.1 ± 0.001 and 0.07 ± 0.03 kg/m2. Interestingly, the General Linear Model revealed that all factors (i.e., inclination, rainfall and land use) had a significant (p < 0.001) effect on the soil loss. We concluded that human activities greatly influenced soil erosion rates, being higher in the AG lands, followed by BF and F. Therefore, the current study could be very useful to policymakers and planners for proposing immediate conservation or restoration plans in a less studied area which has been shown to be vulnerable to soil erosion processes.
- Subjects
SYRIA; SOIL erosion; LAND use; LAND cover; SOIL management; EROSION; FARMS; FOREST fires
- Publication
Water (20734441), 2020, Vol 12, Issue 10, p2786
- ISSN
2073-4441
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/w12102786