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- Title
Primary renal well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors: report of six cases with an emphasis on the Ki-67 index and mitosis.
- Authors
Kim, Bohyun; Kim, Han-Seong; Moon, Kyung Chul
- Abstract
Background: Primary renal well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (WDNETs) also called carcinoid and atypical carcinoid are extremely rare, and little is known about parameters that may predict prognosis at diagnosis. Methods: Six cases of primary renal WDNET were collected. After reviewing slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin, proportions of each growth pattern were determined. Synaptophysin, chromogranin, CD56, and Ki-67 immunostaining and Ki-67 morphometric analysis were performed. Results: Patients included three female and three males, mean age was 53.3 years. The mean tumor size was 4.5 cm, three cases were greater than 5 cm. At the time of initial surgery, lymph node and/or distant metastasis was confirmed in two cases. In a third case, no metastasis was initially found, but lymph node metastasis was identified during follow-up. The remaining three cases did not exhibit metastasis. Histopathologically, the renal WDNETs were primarily composed of ribbon-like and sheet-like growth patterns. Most of the tumors were diffusely positive for neuroendocrine markers. Mitotic count was high (≥2/10HPF) in cases with lymph node or distant metastasis but was low (< 2/10HPF) in non-metastatic cases. Furthermore, the Ki-67 index was also higher (≥3%) in the cases with metastases than in cases without metastasis. Conclusion: Three out of the six primary renal WDNETs demonstrated aggressive behavior and exhibited increased mitotic counts and Ki-67 indices. These results suggest that mitosis and the Ki-67 index could be used as prognostic indicators for renal WDNET.
- Subjects
NEUROENDOCRINE tumors; CARCINOID; SYNAPTOPHYSIN; CHROMOGRANINS; IMMUNOSTAINING
- Publication
Diagnostic Pathology, 2019, Vol 14, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1746-1596
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s13000-019-0791-7