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- Title
Majority of Children With Type 1 Diabetes Produce and Deposit Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase Antibodies in the Small Intestine.
- Authors
Maglio, Mariantonia; Florian, Fiorella; Vecchiet, Monica; Auricchio, Renata; Paparo, Francesco; Spadaro, Raffaella; Zanzi, Delia; Rapacciuolo, Luciano; Franzese, Adriana; Sblattero, Daniele; Marzari, Roberto; Troncone, Riccardo
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE--Anti-tissue transglutaminase (TG2) antibodies are the serological marker of celiac disease. Given the close association between celiac disease and type 1 diabetes, we investigated the production and deposition of anti-TG2 antibodies in the jejunal mucosa of type 1 diabetic children. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--Intestinal biopsies were performed in 33 type 1 diabetic patients with a normal mucosal architecture: 14 had high levels (potential celiac disease patients) and 19 had normal levels of serum anti-TG2 antibodies. All biopsy specimens were investigated for intestinal deposits of IgA anti-TG2 antibodies by double immunofluorescence. In addition, an antibody analysis using the phage display technique was performed on the intestinal biopsy specimens from seven type 1 diabetic patients, of whom four had elevated and three had normal levels of serum anti-TG2 antibodies. RESULTS--Immunofluorescence studies showed that 11 of 14 type 1 diabetic children with elevated levels and 11 of 19 with normal serum levels of anti-TG2 antibodies presented with mucosal deposits of such autoantibodies. The phage display analysis technique confirmed the intestinal production of the anti-TG2 antibodies; however, whereas the serum-positive type 1 diabetic patients showed a preferential use of the VH5 antibody gene family, in the serum-negative patients the anti-TG2 antibodies belonged to the VH1 and VH3 families, with a preferential use of the latter. CONCLUSIONS--Our findings demonstrate that there is intestinal production and deposition of anti-TG2 antibodies in the jejunal mucosa of the majority of type 1 diabetic patients. However, only those with elevated serum levels of anti-TG2 antibodies showed the VH usage that is typical of the anti-TG2 antibodies that are produced in patients with celiac disease.
- Subjects
IMMUNOGLOBULINS; TRANSGLUTAMINASES; DIABETES in children; CELIAC disease in children; BIOPSY; INTESTINES; AUTOANTIBODIES
- Publication
Diabetes, 2009, Vol 58, Issue 7, p1578
- ISSN
0012-1797
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2337/db08-0962