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- Title
SEX DIFFERENCES AND THE INTERACTION OF AGE AND SLEEP ISSUES IN NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING PERFORMANCE ACROSS THE LIFESPAN IN AN ADD/ADHD SAMPLE FROM THE YEARS 1989 TO 2009.
- Authors
FISHER, BARBARA C.; GARGES, DANIELLE M.; SUN YOUNG ROSALIA YOON; MAGUIRE, KATIE; ZIPAY, DANIELLE; GAMBINO, MARIA
- Abstract
Chart review of population (9 to 80 years) neuropsychological test battery for ADHD diagnosis, questionnaires with multiple responders were evaluated in outpatient setting from 1989-2009. The focus was gender diff erences across age, diagnostic group (ADHD-Inattentive/ADHD plus), neuropsychological test performance, and reported sleep symptoms over the lifespan. Individuals were assigned to ADHD-I group or ADHD plus group (based upon secondary diagnosis of sleep, behavioral, emotional disturbance); ADHD not primary was excluded (brain insult, psychosis). Among these were 1,828 children (ages 9 to 14), adolescents (ages 15 to 17), and adults (ages 18 and above); 446 children (312 diagnosed ADHD-I), 218 adolescents (163 diagnosed ADHD-I), and 1,163 adults (877 ADHDI). Sleep was problematic regardless of age, ADHD subtype, and gender. The type and number of sleep problems and fatigue were age dependent. ADHD subtype, gender, fatigue, age, and sleep (sleep onset, unrefreshing sleep, sleep maintenance) were significant variables aff ecting neuropsychological test performance (sequencing, cognitive fl exibility, slow- and fast-paced input, divided attention, whole brain functioning). Findings suggest that ADHD involves numerous factors and symptoms beyond attention, such as sleep which interacts diff erently dependent upon age.
- Subjects
SEX differences (Biology); NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests; PSYCHIATRIC diagnosis; ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder; AGE factors in sleep disorders; DISEASES in teenagers; FATIGUE (Physiology); PSYCHOLOGY
- Publication
Psychological Reports, 2014, Vol 114, Issue 2, p404
- ISSN
0033-2941
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2466/15.10.PR0.114k23w0