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- Title
Insulin regulates human mammosphere development and function.
- Authors
Watt, Ashalyn P.; Lefevre, Christophe; Wong, Cynthia S.; Nicholas, Kevin R.; Sharp, Julie A.
- Abstract
Assessing the role of lactogenic hormones in human mammary gland development is limited due to issues accessing tissue samples and so development of a human in vitro three-dimensional mammosphere model with functions similar to secretory alveoli in the mammary gland can aid to overcome this shortfall. In this study, a mammosphere model has been characterised using human mammary epithelial cells grown on either mouse extracellular matrix or agarose and showed insulin is essential for formation of mammospheres. Insulin was shown to up-regulate extracellular matrix genes. Microarray analysis of these mammospheres revealed an up-regulation of differentiation, cell-cell junctions, and cytoskeleton organisation functions, suggesting mammosphere formation may be regulated through ILK signalling. Comparison of insulin and IGF-1 effects on mammosphere signalling showed that although IGF-1 could induce spherical structures, the cells did not polarise correctly as shown by the absence of up-regulation of polarisation genes and did not induce the expression of milk protein genes. This study demonstrated a major role for insulin in mammary acinar development for secretory differentiation and function indicating the potential for reduced lactational efficiency in women with obesity and gestational diabetes.
- Subjects
MAMMARY glands; MILK proteins; INSULIN; PROLACTIN; GESTATIONAL diabetes; EXTRACELLULAR matrix
- Publication
Cell & Tissue Research, 2021, Vol 384, Issue 2, p333
- ISSN
0302-766X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00441-020-03360-0