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- Title
Karl Fischer Water Titration—Principal Component Analysis Approach on Bread Products.
- Authors
Popescu, Gabriela; Radulov, Isidora; Iordănescu, Olimpia A.; Orboi, Manuela D.; Rădulescu, Laura; Drugă, Mărioara; Bujancă, Gabriel S.; David, Ioan; Hădărugă, Daniel I.; (Banciu), Christine A. Lucan; Hădărugă, Nicoleta G.; Riviş, Mircea
- Abstract
Featured Application: Classification of bread products as a specific type of food product according to a standard database, using coupled Karl Fischer titration and multivariate analysis (1) Background: The water content and the way of bonding in the food matrices, including bread, can be easily and simply evaluated by Karl Fischer titration (KFT). The goal was to identify the main KFT parameters that influence the similarity/dissimilarity of commercial bread products, using multivariate statistical analysis. (2) Methods: Various commercial bread samples were analyzed by volumetric KFT and the water content, parameters from titration process and KFT kinetics were used as input for principal component analysis (PCA). (3) Results: The KFT water content was in the range of 35.1–44.2% for core samples and 19.4–22.9% for shell samples. The storage and transportation conditions consistently influence the water content of bread. The type of water molecules can be evaluated by means of KFT water reaction rates. The mean water reaction rates up to 2 min are consistently higher for bread core samples, which indicates a high fraction of "surface" water. PCA reveals the similarity of core samples and various bread types, as well as dissimilarity between bread parts, mainly based on KFT kinetic parameters. (4) Conclusions: KFT kinetics can be a useful tool for a rapid and simple differentiations between various types of bread products.
- Subjects
KARL Fischer technique; PRINCIPAL components analysis; BREAD; DRILL core analysis; RAPID tooling; COMMERCIAL products
- Publication
Applied Sciences (2076-3417), 2020, Vol 10, Issue 18, p6518
- ISSN
2076-3417
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/app10186518