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- Title
Poor accuracy and sustainability of the first‐step FIB4 EASL pathway for stratifying steatotic liver disease risk in the general population.
- Authors
De Vincentis, Antonio; Tavaglione, Federica; Namba, Shinichi; Kanai, Masahiro; Okada, Yukinori; Kamatani, Yoichiro; Maurotti, Samantha; Pedone, Claudio; Antonelli Incalzi, Raffaele; Valenti, Luca; Romeo, Stefano; Vespasiani‐Gentilucci, Umberto
- Abstract
Summary: Background and Aims: The European Association for the Study of the Liver introduced a clinical pathway (EASL CP) for screening significant/advanced fibrosis in people at risk of steatotic liver disease (SLD). We assessed the performance of the first‐step FIB4 EASL CP in the general population across different SLD risk groups (MASLD, Met‐ALD and ALD) and various age classes. Methods: We analysed a total of 3372 individuals at risk of SLD from the 2017–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES17‐18), projected to 152.3 million U.S. adults, 300,329 from the UK Biobank (UKBB) and 57,644 from the Biobank Japan (BBJ). We assessed liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥8 kPa and liver‐related events occurring within 3 and 10 years (3/10 year‐LREs) as outcomes. We defined MASLD, MetALD, and ALD according to recent international recommendations. Results: FIB4 sensitivity for LSM ≥ 8 kPa was low (27.7%), but it ranged approximately 80%‐90% for 3‐year LREs. Using FIB4, 22%–57% of subjects across the three cohorts were identified as candidates for vibration‐controlled transient elastography (VCTE), which was mostly avoidable (positive predictive value of FIB4 ≥ 1.3 for LSM ≥ 8 kPa ranging 9.5%–13% across different SLD categories). Sensitivity for LSM ≥ 8 kPa and LREs increased with increasing alcohol intake (ALD>MetALD>MASLD) and age classes. For individuals aged ≥65 years, using the recommended age‐adjusted FIB4 cut‐off (≥2) substantially reduced sensitivity for LSM ≥ 8 kPa and LREs. Conclusions: The first‐step FIB4 EASL CP is poorly accurate and feasible for individuals at risk of SLD in the general population. It is crucial to enhance the screening strategy with a first‐step approach able to reduce unnecessary VCTEs and optimise their yield.
- Subjects
UNITED Kingdom; LIVER diseases; HEALTH &; Nutrition Examination Survey
- Publication
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2024, Vol 59, Issue 11, p1402
- ISSN
0269-2813
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/apt.17953