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- Title
Pharmacology and toxicology of tannins.
- Authors
Maugeri, Alessandro; Lombardo, Giovanni Enrico; Cirmi, Santa; Süntar, Ipek; Barreca, Davide; Laganà, Giuseppina; Navarra, Michele
- Abstract
Tannins are an interesting class of polyphenols, characterized, in almost all cases, by a different degree of polymerization, which, inevitably, markedly influences their bioavailability, as well as biochemical and pharmacological activities. They have been used for the process of tanning to transform hides into leather, from which their name derives. For several time, they have not been accurately evaluated, but now researchers have started to unravel their potential, highlighting anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities, as well as their involvement in cardiovascular, neuroprotective and in general metabolic diseases prevention. The mechanisms underlying their activity are often complex, but the main targets of their action (such as key enzymes modulation, activation of metabolic pathways and changes in the metabolic fluxes) are highlighted in this review, without losing sight of their toxicity. This aspect still needs further and better-designed study to be thoroughly understood and allow a more conscious use of tannins for human health.
- Subjects
TANNINS; BIOTRANSFORMATION (Metabolism); TOXICOLOGY; DEGREE of polymerization; PHARMACOLOGY; PREVENTIVE medicine
- Publication
Archives of Toxicology, 2022, Vol 96, Issue 5, p1257
- ISSN
0340-5761
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00204-022-03250-0