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- Title
A proton-implanted planar waveguide fabricated in terbium gallium garnet crystal.
- Authors
Wang, Yue; Long, Xue-Wen; Zhu, Qi-Feng; Chen, Jing-Yi; Xu, Jun; Liu, Chun-Xiao
- Abstract
The investigation on the terbium gallium garnet (TGG) crystal waveguides in the visible and near-infrared bands is significant for potential applications in science and technology. In this work, we report on a TGG planar waveguide based on the proton irradiation with an energy of 400 keV and a dose of 8 × 1 0 1 6 ions/cm2. The annealing treatments are adopted to improve optical performances of the waveguide on the conditions of 260 ∘ C and 410 ∘ C severally for 1 h. The dark-mode spectra and the refractive index distributions of the TGG waveguide are obtained before and after the thermal treatments. There is a strange phenomenon that nine modes are observed on the m-line curve after the annealing treatment at 410 ∘ C. The theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the fabricated waveguide annealed at the temperature of 410 ∘ C can propagate more guided modes and have better capacity to confine light.
- Subjects
TERBIUM; GALLIUM; GARNET; CRYSTALS; REFRACTIVE index; PLANAR waveguides; WAVEGUIDES
- Publication
Modern Physics Letters B, 2020, Vol 34, Issue 4, pN.PAG
- ISSN
0217-9849
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1142/S0217984920500621