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- Title
Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects of the Calcium Channel Blocker Nicardipine on Microglial Cells: Implications for Neuroprotection.
- Authors
Huang, Bor-Ren; Chang, Pei-Chun; Yeh, Wei-Lan; Lee, Chih-Hao; Tsai, Cheng-Fang; Lin, Chingju; Lin, Hsiao-Yun; Liu, Yu-Shu; Wu, Caren Yu-Ju; Ko, Pei-Ying; Huang, Shiang-Suo; Hsu, Horng-Chaung; Lu, Dah-Yuu
- Abstract
Background/Objective: Nicardipine is a calcium channel blocker that has been widely used to control blood pressure in severe hypertension following events such as ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, and intracerebral hemorrhage. However, accumulating evidence suggests that inflammatory processes in the central nervous system that are mediated by microglial activation play important roles in neurodegeneration, and the effect of nicardipine on microglial activation remains unresolved. Methodology/Principal Findings: In the present study, using murine BV-2 microglia, we demonstrated that nicardipine significantly inhibits microglia-related neuroinflammatory responses. Treatment with nicardipine inhibited microglial cell migration. Nicardipine also significantly inhibited LPS plus IFN-γ-induced release of nitric oxide (NO), and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Furthermore, nicardipine also inhibited microglial activation by peptidoglycan, the major component of the Gram-positive bacterium cell wall. Notably, nicardipine also showed significant anti-neuroinflammatory effects on microglial activation in mice in vivo. Conclusion/Significance: The present study is the first to report a novel inhibitory role of nicardipine on neuroinflammation and provides a new candidate agent for the development of therapies for inflammation-related neurodegenerative diseases.
- Subjects
ANTI-inflammatory agents; DRUG efficacy; CALCIUM antagonists; NEUROGLIA; NEUROPROTECTIVE agents; BLOOD pressure measurement; HYPERTENSION
- Publication
PLoS ONE, 2014, Vol 9, Issue 3, p1
- ISSN
1932-6203
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0091167