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- Title
Antimicrobial Resistance Trends and Outbreak Frequency in United States Hospitals.
- Authors
Diekema, Daniel J.; BootsMiller, Bonnie J.; Vaughn, Thomas E.; Woolson, Robert F.; Yankey, Jon W.; Ernst, Erika J.; Flach, Stephen D.; Ward, Marcia M.; Franciscus, Carrie L. J.; Pfaller, Michael A.; Doebbeling, Bradley N.
- Abstract
We assessed resistance rates and trends for important antimicrobial-resistant pathogens (oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [ORSA], vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus species [VRE], ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella species [K-ESBL], and ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli [QREC]), the frequency of outbreaks of infection with these resistant pathogens, and the measures taken to control resistance in a stratified national sample of 670 hospitals. Four hundred ninety-four (74%) of 670 surveys were returned. Resistance rates were highest for ORSA (36%), followed by VRE (10%), QREC (6%), and K-ESBL (5%). Two-thirds of hospitals reported increasing ORSA rates, whereas only 4% reported decreasing rates, and 24% reported ORSA outbreaks within the previous year. Most hospitals (87%) reported having implemented measures to rapidly detect resistance, but only 50% reported having provided appropriate resources for antimicrobial resistance prevention (53%) or having implemented antimicrobial use guidelines (60%). The most common resistant pathogen in US hospitals is ORSA, which accounts for many recognized outbreaks and is increasing in frequency in most facilities. Current practices to prevent and control antimicrobial resistance are inadequate.
- Subjects
UNITED States; NATURAL immunity; PATHOGENIC microorganisms; ESCHERICHIA coli diseases; ANTI-infective agents; DISEASE outbreaks
- Publication
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2004, Vol 38, Issue 1, p78
- ISSN
1058-4838
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1086/380457