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- Title
Long-term efficacy of active postexposure immunization of infants for prevention of hepatitis B virus infection. United States-People's Republic of China Study Group on Hepatitis B.
- Authors
Xu, Zhi-Yi; Duan, Shu-Cheng; Margolis, Harold S.; Purcell, Robert H.; Ou-Yang, Pei-Ying; Coleman, Patrick J.; Zhuang, Yi-Liang; Xu, Hua-Fang; Qian, Shui-Gen; Zhu, Qi-Rong; Wan, Cai-Yu; Liu, Chung-Bo; Gun, Zhi-Li; Xu, Z Y; Duan, S C; Margolis, H S; Purcell, R H; Ou-Yang, P Y; Coleman, P J; Zhuang, Y L
- Abstract
Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) contributes to the high prevalence of chronic infection in China and many other countries. In a placebo-controlled trial among 166 infants, the 12-month efficacy of active postexposure prophylaxis to prevent chronic perinatal HBV infection varied by vaccine (range, 45%-89%). In a 5-year follow-up study, 2 additional infants became chronically infected with HBV, and the efficacy of active prophylaxis was estimated to be 38% and 72% for the two vaccines at 5 years. In addition, 80% of immunized infants continued to have protective levels of antibody at the end of 5 years. However, among 27 infants who received passive-active immunoprophylaxis with high-dose hepatitis B immune globulin, only 60% (11/19) had protective antibody levels. These data indicate that active postexposure immunization initiated soon after birth continues to provide protection during early childhood when there is a high risk of chronic HBV infection.
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1995, Vol 171, Issue 1, p54
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
journal article