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- Title
Cyclotron production of Sc for PET imaging.
- Authors
Walczak, Rafał; Krajewski, Seweryn; Szkliniarz, Katarzyna; Sitarz, Mateusz; Abbas, Kamel; Choiński, Jarosław; Jakubowski, Andrzej; Jastrzębski, Jerzy; Majkowska, Agnieszka; Simonelli, Federica; Stolarz, Anna; Trzcińska, Agnieszka; Zipper, Wiktor; Bilewicz, Aleksander
- Abstract
Background: Recently, significant interest in Sc as a tracer for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has been observed. Unfortunately, the co-emission by Sc of high-energy γ rays ( E = 1157, 1499 keV) causes a dangerous increase of the radiation dose to the patients and clinical staff. However, it is possible to produce another radionuclide of scandium-Sc-having properties similar to Sc but is characterized by much lower energy of the concurrent gamma emissions. This work presents the production route of Sc by α irradiation of natural calcium, its separation and purification processes, and the labeling of [DOTA,Tyr3] octreotate (DOTATATE) bioconjugate. Methods: Natural CaCO and enriched [Ca]CaCO were irradiated with alpha particles for 1 h in an energy range of 14.8-30 MeV at a beam current of 0.5 or 0.25 μA. In order to find the optimum method for the separation of Sc from irradiated calcium targets, three processes previously developed for Sc were tested. Radiolabeling experiments were performed with DOTATATE radiobioconjugate, and the stability of the obtained Sc-DOTATATE was tested in human serum. Results: Studies of CaCO target irradiation by alpha particles show that the optimum alpha particle energies are in the range of 24-27 MeV, giving 102 MBq/μA/h of Sc radioactivity which creates the opportunity to produce several GBq of Sc. The separation experiments performed indicate that, as with Sc, due to the simplicity of the operations and because of the chemical purity of the Sc obtained, the best separation process is when UTEVA resin is used. The DOTATATE conjugate was labeled by the obtained Sc with a yield >98 % at elevated temperature. Conclusions: Tens of GBq activities of Sc of high radionuclidic purity can be obtainable for clinical applications by irradiation of natural calcium with an alpha beam.
- Publication
EJNMMI Physics, 2015, Vol 2, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2197-7364
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s40658-015-0136-x