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- Title
T-helper type-1-dominated lymph node responses induced in C57BL/6 mice by optimally irradiated cercariae of <em>Schistosoma mansoni</em> are down-regulated after challenge infection.
- Authors
Pemberton, R. M.; Wilson, R. A.
- Abstract
Following a single percutaneous vaccination with optimally irradiated cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni C57BL/6 mice mount a T-helper type-1 (Th1) lymphocyte-dominant immune response and are highly resistant to challenge infection. In this study, we show that, besides interferon-γ (IFN-γ), lymph node (LN) cells draining the site of vaccination produce significant amounts of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 in culture with parasite antigen. After a challenge infection at the original site of vaccination, these LN cells did not generate an anamnestic Th1 response. Paradoxically, IFN-γ production and cell proliferation were profoundly down-regulated, whereas IL-4 production was enhanced and occurred earlier than in challenge control cultures. When challenge was applied to a site remote from vaccination, IFN-γ down-regulation was less evident, but the IL-4 response was consistently enhanced. Neutralization of IL-10 in vitro restored IFN-γ production by LN cells, whilst IL-4 levels were reduced. These data indicate that down-regulation of IFN-γ is controlled by IL-10 and/or IL-4. Mice showing down-regulated Th1 responses in the LN after S. mansoni challenge infection did not have a reduced ability to eliminate challenge parasites, indicating that the post-vaccination Th1 response had already armed the lungs with effector T cells before administration of challenge parasites. The observed phenomena of down- regulated Th1 and enhanced Th2 responses may be of relevance to other systems involving multiple infections or vaccination/boosting. Repeated applications to percutaneous sites having common lymphatic drainage would be expected to favour Th2 responses. Alternatively, in order to induce Th1-dominant responses and avoid unwanted IL-4/IL-10 induction, the use of remote sites is indicated.
- Subjects
IMMUNIZATION; SCHISTOSOMA mansoni; IMMUNE response; PARASITES; LYMPH nodes; T cells
- Publication
Immunology, 1995, Vol 84, Issue 2, p310
- ISSN
0019-2805
- Publication type
Article