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- Title
Associations between Social Withdrawal and Peer Problems in Chinese and North American Youth: A Three-level Meta-analysis.
- Authors
Ran, Guangming; Liu, Juncai; Niu, Xiang; Zhang, Qi
- Abstract
Social withdrawal has been recognized as an umbrella term referring to internal motivations to remove oneself from familiar and/or unfamiliar social situations. Previous research has discovered different subtypes of social withdrawal: shyness, unsociability, and social avoidance. An increasing number of empirical studies have investigated an association between social withdrawal and peer problems. However, the strength of these associations varied considerably between studies. The present work performed separate three‒level meta‒analyses for studies involving youth from China or North America. In total, 42 studies including 44,740 youth were obtained based on a comprehensive literature search. Analysis revealed significant positive associations between social withdrawal and peer problems in both Chinese and North American youth, suggesting that social withdrawal was a risk factor for developing peer problems. In addition, there was a significant moderating effect of gender on the association between social withdrawal and peer problems in Chinese youth. Finally, the moderating effects of mothers' and fathers' educational background were observed in North American youth. In sum, current evidence contributes to a better understanding of the association between social withdrawal and peer problems. Highlights: We performed separate three-level meta-analyses for studies involving youth from China or North America. Analysis revealed significant positive associations between social withdrawal and peer problems. There was a significant moderating effect of gender on the association between social withdrawal and peer problems in Chinese youth. The moderating effects of mothers' and fathers' educational background were observed in North American youth.
- Subjects
CHINA; NORTH America; AFFINITY groups; PSYCHOLOGY information storage &; retrieval systems; PUBLICATION bias; META-analysis; MEDICAL information storage &; retrieval systems; CONFIDENCE intervals; SYSTEMATIC reviews; FISHER exact test; REGRESSION analysis; SOCIAL isolation; PEARSON correlation (Statistics); INTERPERSONAL relations; MENTAL depression; SOCIAL skills; MEDLINE; STATISTICAL correlation; PARENT-child relationships; ANXIETY; NORTH Americans; EDUCATIONAL attainment
- Publication
Journal of Child & Family Studies, 2022, Vol 31, Issue 11, p3140
- ISSN
1062-1024
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10826-021-02100-4